Nangona ukombiwa kwe-oyile kuqhubeka ngokungathi akukho mithombo yamandla engenye ekhoyo, enokukhokelela ekuveliseni ngokugqithisileyo okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili, kulo nyaka kubonakale ukuvela kweenkampani ezisixhenxe ngaphakathi kwecandelo le-photovoltaic laseTshayina elibangela umngeni omkhulu kumaqumrhu e-oyile. Ezi nkampani zifezekise oku ngokuthengisa iipaneli zelanga ngelahleko ukuze zibambe isabelo semarike, zenza uluntu lwehlabathi luxhomekeke kubuchwephesha babo.
Ngenxa yoko, imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo ifumana ukuduma. Ingxelo yakutsha nje ibonisa ukuba amandla ahlaziyekayo awodlula amafutha efosili, ngoku imele i-30% yombane obonelelwa kwiManyano yaseYurophu.
Amandla ahlaziyekayo ehlabathini
Imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo yenza ngokuthe ngcembe ubukho bayo buvakale kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngokutsho kwabahlalutyi kwiqela le-Ember, Esi siganeko sibalulekileyo sifikelelwe kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2024. Okokuqala, ukuveliswa kombane ukusuka kumandla elanga nawomoya kuye kwagqitha oko kuveliswe kumafutha efosili kwiManyano yaseYurophu. Ngokukodwa, le mithombo ihlaziyekayo yenza i-30% yombane uwonke obonelelwe kwiManyano.
Uhlalutyo lubonisa ukuba amazwe angamalungu e-13 ngoku avelisa isixa esikhulu sombane kule mithombo mibini, kwaye iJamani, iBelgium, iHungary kunye neNetherlands ziye zafikelela kweli nqanaba lokuqala. ESpain, izibalo ziyothusa: ngenyanga kaMeyi, Amandla elanga nomoya amele i-50% yokuveliswa kombane. Le nyaniso ingazange ibonwe ngaphambili ihamba nePoland, esele ifikelele kumanqanaba erekhodi.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga kunye nomoya kubone ukunyuka okubalulekileyo kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, ebonisa umzila ophantse ungapheli, ngelixa amandla asuka kumafutha efosili afikelele kwincopho entsha ngo-2017 ngaphambi kokuba ahlaselwe ngokumangalisayo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo
Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka, Amafutha efosili abalelwa kwi-27% yokuveliswa kombane kwi-EU, ebonisa ukuhla kwe-17% xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elidlulileyo. Abahlalutyi babonisa ukuba oku kwehliswa kokusetyenziswa kwamafutha efosili kwenzeke nangona kukho imfuneko ephezulu yamandla ngexesha lobhubhani we-COVID-19 kunye nengxaki yexabiso lerhasi kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Kukwakho kwakhona ukuchacha kweli xesha, nangona igrafu ibonisa ukudodobala kwimithombo yamandla avuselelekayo.
Phakathi kwesiqingatha sokuqala sika-2023 kunye nesiqingatha sokuqala sika-2024, amalahle abona ukuhla kwe-24%, ngelixa igesi yabona ukunciphisa i-14%. Ngokutsho komhlalutyi wakwaEmber uChris Rosslowe, “sibona utshintsho oluyimbali kwicandelo lezamandla, yaye oko kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza.” Ngaphezu koko, ubonisa ukuba “ngokunyuka kwamandla omoya namandla elanga, indima yamandla efosili iyehla. Le meko ibonisa inguqu yexesha elide, kodwa iye yacaca ngakumbi emva kweentshukumo ezingazange zibonwe ngaphambili, ezifana umthamo ofakiweyo weepaneli ze-photovoltaic kwi-2023 kunye neenyanga zokuqala ze-2024.
Ngaphaya koko, olu tshintsho luyinxalenye yesicwangciso sentsebenziswano esijoliswe kungekuphela nje ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo ngokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kumafutha efosili, kodwa nasekulungiseni iinzame zamazwe amaninzi angamaLungu okunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwawo ekungenisweni kwegesi ephuma kumazwe angaphandle, ngakumbi ukukhanya kongquzulwano oluqhubekayo eUkraine. kunye neRashiya.
Ngelixa silinde idatha epheleleyo ngo-2024, kuya kuhlala kubonakala ukuba ukulawulwa kwamandla avuselelekayo kuya kumiselwa ngokuqinileyo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba lo mkhwa awupheleli nje eYurophu. IUnited States ingumzekelo wolu tshintsho lwamandla, kunye neCalifornia ejongene nokuveliswa kwamandla elanga kunye neTexas, ngokwembali exhomekeke kwioli, ngoku yenza utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo kufakelo lwe-photovoltaic. I-China idlala indima ebalulekileyo kolu tshintsho lwamandla, olunamanqanaba aphezulu emveliso kangangokuba ijongene nemiceli mngeni yokulawula inkunkuma eveliswa kukuphuculwa kobuchwepheshe belanga nomoya.
Utshintsho lwamandla
Le nguqu ibonisa impumelelo ebalulekileyo kwinguqu yamandla kulo mmandla. Ukwehla kokusetyenziswa kwamafutha eefosili kuhambelana nokuchacha okuncinci kwemfuno yombane, enyuke nge-0,7% kulandela ubhubhani we-COVID-19 kunye nengxaki yexabiso lerhasi. Nangona kunjalo, ukwandiswa kwemithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo, ngakumbi umoya nelanga, akupheleli nje oku kwanda kwemfuno kodwa kudlule kakhulu kwimithombo yamandla eqhelekileyo.
Ukuncipha okubonakalayo kokusetyenziswa kwamalahle kwabonwa, iphawulwe ngokuhla kwe-24%, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwegesi yendalo kubone ukuhla kwe-14%. Ezi ziphumo ziqaqambisa utshintsho olusisiseko, njengoko imigaqo-nkqubo yamandla yaseYurophu ithande ukonyuka ukuxhomekeka kumafutha efosili kunye nokudityaniswa okukhulu kwemithombo yamandla acocekileyo.
Ingxelo igxininisa ukuba ukwanda kokuveliswa kombane ovela kwimithombo yomoya kunye nelanga ayisiyonto nje yexesha lonyaka. Ngelixa iimeko zemozulu eziphuculweyo kunye nokwanda kokuveliswa kombane owenziwe ngamanzi kube nendima, eyona nto iphambili ibikukuqhubeka nokwandiswa komthamo wamandla ahlaziyekayo.
ISpain izibalule njengenye yezizwe ezihamba phambili ekuphunyezweni kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo. NgoMeyi ka-2024, Ngaphezulu kwama-50% ombane weli lizwe wenziwa kumandla omoya kunye nelanga, isiganeko esingqina ukusebenza kakuhle kwemigaqo-nkqubo yezamandla.
Le nguqu ibalulekileyo idibanisa indima yeManyano yaseYurophu njengenkokeli yehlabathi kumlo ochasene nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ibonakalisa ukuba utshintsho olubhekiselele kwinkqubo esekelwe kumandla ahlaziyekayo alunakwenzeka nje kuphela kodwa lukwaluncedo kwezoqoqosho kwaye luyasebenza.
Kukho izisombululo zesoftware eyenzelwe ukunceda iinkampani zilandelele iinjongo zazo zokususa ikhabhoni, ziphucule iindlela zazo zokwahluka kwamandla, zivavanye ukuzinza kwazo, zinciphise ifuthe lazo lokusingqongileyo, kwaye zilawule ngokufanelekileyo iingozi zokusebenza nezokhuseleko.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nendlela amandla ahlaziyekayo awodlula ngayo amafutha efosili eYurophu.