Ikamva lamandla enyukliya iye yabuyela kumajelo eendaba nakwindawo yezopolitiko eSpeyin nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Ngezigqibo ezizayo malunga nokuvalwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwemizi-mveliso yamandla kunye noxinzelelo lwamazwe ngamazwe lokomeleza ukhuseleko lwamandla, ingxoxo yoluntu iya iqina, izisa phambili imiba emininzi yobugcisa, yentlalo, kunye nezoqoqosho echaphazela abemi kunye nemveliso yemizi-mveliso.
Esazulwini sotshintsho olusingise kwiimodeli zamandla ezizinzileyo, indima yamandla enyukliya Ivuselela iimbono ezicazulule kakhulu. Ishedyuli yaseSpain yokuvalwa kwenyukliya, ulawulo lwenkunkuma eqhumayo, kunye nokwandiswa okunokwenzeka kobomi bezityalo yimiba ejongene namaqela ezopolitiko, imibutho yasekhaya, kunye neengcali, ngelixa kwamanye amazwe, izithintelo zakudala ziyaphononongwa kwaye izisombululo ezitsha zetekhnoloji ziyaphononongwa.
Ubume bezopolitiko nezentlalo: ingxoxo evulekileyo malunga nokuvalwa nokuqhubekeka
Izikhundla malunga ne ukwandiswa okanye ukuvalwa kwemizi-mveliso yamandla enyukliya Izigqibo ezithathiweyo ziyahluka ngokwengingqi kunye novakalelo lwezopolitiko. Kwiindawo ezinjenge-Extremadura, ukuvalwa okunokwenzeka kwesityalo sase-Almaraz kuye kwahlanganisa amawaka abahlali kunye nabasebenzi, ababona esi siseko njengentsika ebalulekileyo yengqesho kunye nophuhliso lwasekhaya. Uphononongo lwakutsha nje lubonisa ukuba inkxaso yokugcina isityalo ininzi kakhulu, nangona izikhundla zelizwe zamaqela ezopolitiko zithande ukulumka ngakumbi kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha, ziphikisana nezigqibo zabathunywa bengingqi.
Urhulumente ophakathi, phantsi koxinzelelo kwizibophelelo ze-decarbonization kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wamandla waseYurophu, ugcina imeko ephaphileyo: naluphi na uhlaziyo lwethayimthebhile yenyukliya Kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba ayichaphazeli kakubi abathengi okanye uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali loluntu. Iinkampani zombane zivakalisa ukuzimisela kwazo ukuthobela le miqathango, ngelixa abasebenzi abachaphazelekayo kunye noomasipala bafuna izisombululo ezibavumela ukuba bagcine umsebenzi wabo kwaye bangaphazamisi ukuzinza kwezentlalo noqoqosho lwaloo ndawo.
ECatalonia, le meko ikwavelisa imingeni. Izityalo ze-Ascó kunye neVandellòs zibonelela ngenxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa umbane kummandla, nto leyo ekhokelele amaqela ngokwesiko agxeka amandla enyukliya ukuba aphinde aqwalasele isimo sawo kumngcipheko wokunqongophala. Lo mbhodamo uyaphindwa kweminye imimandla, apho i ukungaqiniseki malunga nokuvalwa ngezigaba Ijongana neemfuno zokhuseleko lonikezelo kunye nezikhokelo zenguqu yendalo.
Ukruthakruthwano lwezopolitiko lukwabonakala naseYurophu, apho amazwe afana neBelgium kunye neFrance akhetha ukwandisa ubomi bezixhobo zokwenza amandla, kwaye iKomishoni yaseYurophu ithathela ingqalelo amandla enyukliya njengenxalenye ye "taxonomy eluhlaza" phantsi kweemeko ezingqongqo zokhuseleko kunye nolawulo lwenkunkuma.
Ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokuzinza, kodwa kunye nemingeni elindileyo
Ngokutsho kwedatha yakutshanje, i Amandla enyukliya bobuchwephesha obusebenza ngokomthamo wabo uphezulu kwelona nani lide leeyure. kwinkqubo yombane yaseSpain. Ebudeni bonyaka opheleleyo wokugqibela, amaziko ombane enyukliya ebesebenza phantse kuma-84% exesha, edlula kude lee eminye imithombo yokuvelisa, kubandakanywa nezinto ezihlaziyiweyo. Oku kusebenza kakuhle kunegalelo eliqinisekileyo kuzinzo kunye nokhuseleko lonikezelo lwamandla.
Nangona kunjalo, amandla enyukliya awakamkelwa ngokusemthethweni njengomthombo wamandla ahlaziyekayo eSpain okanye kwiManyano yaseYurophu, engabandakanyi kwizikhuthazi ezijoliswe kwezinye iitekhnoloji ezicocekileyo. Umthetho wesizwe ugxile ekukhuthazeni izinto ezivuselelekayo kunye nokucwangcisa ukuvalwa kwemizi-mveliso yamandla enyukliya phakathi kowama-2027 nowama-2035, ukuqinisa inkqubo yamandla akhutshwa yikhabhoni, kodwa ukungahoywa kweenzuzo ezithile neengxaki zamandla enyukliya.
Ngaphandle koku, amandla enyukliya asekho isixhobo esiphambili kwizicwangciso zokhuseleko lwamandla ukusuka kumazwe amaninzi, ngakumbi emva kweziganeko ezinjengokucima umbane eSpain, ezibonisa ukubaluleka kokuba nemithombo eqinisekisa amandla aqhubekayo nakhuselekileyo.
Ukuvela kwakhona kwehlabathi kunye nenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe kulawulo lwenkunkuma
Ngaphandle kweSpeyin, i Amandla enyukliya afumana inkqubo yokuvuselela Kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe. I-Arhente yezaMandla yaMazwe ngaMazwe ibonisa ukuba amazwe angaphezu kwama-40 akhuthaza iiprojekthi ukuba ziphindaphindeke kathathu umthamo wenyukliya wehlabathi, ikakhulu ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo. Amazwe aseMpuma Yurophu, anjengePoland, aphuhlisa izicwangciso ezinkulu zenyukliya, ezixhaswa ziinkampani zaseSpain ezisebenza ngobunjineli kunye nokwakha.
Ukhuseleko lwenkunkuma kunye nolawulo luhlala luyingxaki ebalulekileyo. Uphando lwakutsha nje luphuhlise izixhobo ezitsha zokuqonda ngcono indlela yokuziphatha kwexesha elide lenkunkuma enemitha. Ubuchwephesha bokulinganisa obukwinqanaba eliphezulu buvumela uhlalutyo lokusebenzisana kwezi zinto kunye nokusingqongileyo, kubandakanywa iziseko zophuhliso kunye nokwakheka kwejoloji apho ziya kuvalelwa iinkulungwane okanye iwaka leminyaka. Ezi nkqubela phambili zibalulekile ekuphuculeni ucwangciso kunye nokunciphisa iingozi ezinxulumene nokugcinwa kwenkunkuma-enye yeengxoxo eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa ngabagxeki bamandla enyukliya.
Ulawulo lwenkunkuma eqhumayo lufuna ingxoxo kunye nokungafihli nto. Amaziko kunye neengcali ziyavuma ukuba, ngaphezu kwezisombululo zobuchwepheshe, isiseko somthetho esiluqilima kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe ibalulekile ukuqinisekisa unyango olukhuselekileyo olulungelelaniswe kwiinguqu zemozulu kunye nezentlalo.
Umthetho omtsha, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kunye nendima yokhuseleko
IManyano yaseYurophu yamkele udidi oluphakathi lwamandla enyukliya: ayiwuthathi njengento enokuphinda ihlaziywe, kodwa iyawabandakanya kuluhlu lwayo lwemisebenzi yogcino lwemozulu, ukuba ihlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zokhuseleko kunye nolawulo lwenkunkuma. ISpain, ngecala layo, yenze inkqubela phambili ngale ndlela, ivala iiprojekthi zenyukliya ezintsha kunye nokuseka ukuvalwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwezityalo ezikhoyo ngoMthetho woTshintsho lweMozulu 7/2021.
Iingcaphephe zikholelwa ukuba ikamva lamandla enyukliya kufuneka lilungelelanise inguqu kwindalo engqongileyo nokuzinza kwenkqubo yombane, ikhuthaze ukhuseleko nobugcisa obusebenza ngakumbi kwaye ikhuthaze iingxoxo-mpikiswano zasentlalweni ezohlukeneyo nezenzululwazi. Bakwagxininisa ukubaluleka kokugcinwa kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo ukuba basebenze, bayeke ukusebenza, kwaye babeke iliso kumaziko, kunye nenkcubeko yokhuseleko ekwazi ukulindela nokulawula iziganeko ezinokuthi zibe khona. Ukwandisa ulwazi lwakho malunga nendlela amandla enyukliya asebenza ngayo, ungabonisana indlela amandla enyukliya asebenza ngayo.
