Amandla ePiezoelectric: Ukuqinisa intshukumo yomntu ukuvelisa umbane

Las iipleyiti piezoelectric ziteknoloji entsha evumela guqula amanyathelo, imitsi kunye nezinye iintshukumo zomzimba womntu zibe ngamandla ombane. Amandla avelisiweyo avela kuxinzelelo lomatshini olusetyenziswa kwi-piezoelectric material, enekhono lokuvelisa umbane wombane xa uphantsi kwe-deformation okanye i-friction.

Eyona nto inomdla kakhulu kwaye isoloko icatshulwa yimeko ye iklabhu yasebusuku ezinzileyo eLondon, apho amandla aveliswa ziintshukumo zabazimasi anika amandla inxalenye yokukhanyisa kunye nezinye iinkqubo zombane. Ezi ntlobo zofakelo ziye zaqaliswa ukuphunyezwa kwiindawo zasezidolophini ezinezithuthi eziphezulu zabahambi ngeenyawo, ukuphucula amandla ombane kunye nokunciphisa i-carbon footprint.

Isebenza njani i-piezoelectricity?

I-phenomenon ye-piezoelectricity isekelwe kwi- umthamo wezinto ezithile ukuvelisa umsinga wombane xa kusetyenziswa ukuguqulwa komatshini. Xa i-piezoelectric material, efana ne-quartz, yoluliwe okanye ixinzelelwe, ii-athomu zayo zilungelelaniswa kwakhona, zenza umahluko onokuthi uqhutywe kwaye uboshwe.

Le nkqubo inezicelo ezimbini eziphambili:

• Ukuveliswa kwamandla ngokuthe ngqo: Izikhondo okanye amanyathelo abantu abakummandla, umzekelo, bavelisa imisinga yombane emincinane enokusetyenziswa ukukhanyisa okanye ukukhanyisa izixhobo ezincinci.
• Ukuveliswa kwemiqondiso yombane: Le propati ngokwesiko isetyenziswe kwizixhobo ezifana nezilayidi okanye izilayidi, apho i-spark iveliswa ngomshicileli ngamnye.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla e-piezoelectric

I-Piezoelectricity ine- uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo eyibeka njengeyona teknoloji iphambili kwizixeko zanamhlanje kunye nezikrelekrele ezifuna ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.

Ezinye zezicelo zayo eziphambili zezi:

• Kwimigangatho yeendawo ezixakekileyo: Amazwe afana neJapan sele eqalisile ukufaka iipleyiti zepiezoelectric kwizikhululo zikaloliwe ohamba ngaphantsi komhlaba ukuguqula amandla ekinetic ezigidi zabasebenzisi abe ngumbane.
• Iindlela ezihlakaniphile: U-Israel uqalise iiprojekthi zokusebenzisa ukudlula kwezithuthi ezindleleni njengomthombo wamandla. Ngemoto nganye edlulayo, umbane omncinci wenziwa, onokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kweminye imithombo yamandla kwiinkqubo zokukhanyisa iindlela.
• Izixhobo eziphathwayo: Amandla e-piezoelectric angasetyenziswa kumandla ezixhobo ze-biomedical okanye izinto ezinxitywayo ezixhamla kwintshukumo yomntu, njengokubetha kwentliziyo okanye ukunyakaza kwansuku zonke.
• Ukukhanyisa koluntu: Iipavumente zePiezoelectric ziye zaphuhliswa ezigcina amandla aveliswa kukunqumla kwabahambi ngeenyawo ukukhanyisa izitalato kunye neendlela ebusuku.

Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-piezoelectricity

Izinto eziphambili ze-piezoelectric zombini yendalo kunye neyokwenziwa, evumela ukufumaneka kwayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Ezi zixhobo zifana nesakhiwo sangaphakathi se-crystalline esingenaziko le-symmetry.

Ezinye zezona zinto zisetyenziswa rhoqo piezoelectric ziquka:

• Cuarzo: Mhlawumbi eyaziwa kakhulu, le crystal iyakwazi ukuvelisa umbane xa uxinzelelo lusetyenziswa kuyo.
• I-Tourmaline: Isetyenziswe kwiinzwa zoxinzelelo kunye nezinye izicelo ze-elektroniki ngenxa yokuzinza kwayo.
• Iiceramics: I-Titanate efana ne-lead-zirconate titanate (PZT) ixhaphake kakhulu kwizicelo zemizi-mveliso ngenxa yeempawu zazo ze-piezoelectric ezinokutyhakala kakhulu.

Iiprojekthi ezibonisa umqondiso kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha

Ehlabathini jikelele, kukho iiprojekthi ezininzi zeflegi ezithatha amandla e-piezoelectric ukuya kwimida emitsha. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo Iprojekthi yeMovistar eSantiago Bernabéu Stadium eMadrid, apho iipleyiti zepiezoelectric zafakwa phantsi kwebala lemidlalo ukuze kupheliswe umbane kwintshukumo yabalandeli. La mandla anika isikrini esikhulu se-LED kwidolophu ekufutshane, evumela abahlali ukuba balandele umdlalo ngqo.

Enye imeko enomdla yileyo Iinkqubo zePavegen, inkampani yaseLondon efake iithayile ze-piezoelectric kwizixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuze isebenzise amandla aveliswa ngabahambi ngeenyawo ngeenjongo ezizinzileyo. Iiprojekthi zabo zibonisa amandla amakhulu obu buchwepheshe bokuphucula ukuzinza kwezixeko.

Umngeni wokusebenza kakuhle kwi-piezoelectricity

Omnye wemingeni ephambili ejongene nolu hlobo lobuchwephesha yi ukusebenza kakuhle ekuguquleni amandla e-kinetic abe ngumbane. Izixa zombane owenziweyo zincinci xa zithelekiswa neminye imithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo efana nelanga okanye umoya. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhlala kwayo, ukukhululeka kokudibanisa kunye neziseko ezikhoyo kunye nethuba lokuyidibanisa namanye amandla acocekileyo, ibeka njengento ebalulekileyo kwiiprojekthi zasezidolophini okanye izixhobo ezifuna amandla amancinci.

Ngemeko apho ixabiso lezinto zombane ze-piezoelectric liye lancipha ngenxa yobuninzi bemveliso yezinto zombane, Ikamva le-piezoelectricity liyathembisa. Njengoko ukusebenza kakuhle kunye neendleko zemveliso ziyancipha, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwizixeko ezihlakaniphile kuya kuqhubeka nokunyuka.

Ngamafutshane, i amandla piezoelectric Ivela njengesisombululo esisebenzayo kunye nesizinzileyo sokuthatha ithuba lokuhamba kwabantu kunye nezithuthi, ngokukodwa kwizixeko kunye neendawo ezihamba phambili zokuhamba. Nangona kusekho imingeni malunga nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, amandla ayo amakhulu okuncedisana neminye imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo, ukudityaniswa kwayo kwiziseko ezingundoqo zasezidolophini kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukuvelisa umbane kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi, kuyenza ibe yindlela enomtsalane kwikamva lamandla asezidolophini.