IUnited States iye yaqinisa ulawulo phezu I-lithium evela eChina, inyathelo elinokuthi lichaze ngokutsha ulungelelwaniso lweebhetri kunye namacandelo ayimfuneko okuhamba kombane kunye namanye amacandelo oshishino.
Ingqwalasela ayisekho nje yorhweboAbasemagunyeni babeke i-lithium kunye neemveliso ezininzi ezinxulumeneyo phantsi kwesakhelo sokuthotyelwa esomeleziweyo esidityaniswe nokuthintela ukunyanzeliswa komsebenzi, ukuvula ixesha lokungaqiniseki okwandisiweyo kokuhamba kwe-Asian giant.
Yintoni esemngciphekweni wokungeniswa kwe-lithium yaseTshayina
ISebe lezoKhuseleko lweLizwe lase-US libonise ukuba liya kwandisa Ukuphunyezwa koMthetho wase-Uyghur oNyanzelwayo woThintelo lwezaBasebenzi kwiimveliso ezininzi zemvelaphi yaseTshayina, kubandakanya nokungeniswa kwe I-lithium, njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sokuqhawula ukungena kwempahla ekuthi idibene nokuxhatshazwa e-Xinjiang.
Imimiselo ithintela i Ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe iimpahla ezinxulumene nokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, phakathi kwezityholo zamaziko okuvalelwa kunye nokusebenza ngenkani kwiNgingqi ye-Uyghur Autonomous. I-Beijing iyazikhaba ezi zityholo, yongeza ukruthakruthwano lwezozakuzo kumcimbi worhwebo osele unobuzaza.
Kwi-lithium kunye nezinto eziphuma kuyo, isiphumo esisebenzayo sisihluzo esingqongqo ekufikeni e-US: uphicotho oluninzi, uphononongo olukhulu lwamaxwebhu kunye neemfuno ukulandeleka kwezinto kulo lonke ikhonkco lokubonelela, ukusuka ekutsalweni ukuya kwiseli egqityiweyo.
Iintlawulo kunye neendleko: imeko evelayo
Icandelo lentlawulo lingongezwa kuxinzelelo lolawulo: iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ezivela eChina Zithathwa njengexhoba le-82% yerhafu yase-US eqala ngo-2026, ipesenti ethi, ukuba iqinisekisiwe, iya kuguqula ulwakhiwo lweendleko kunye nokukhuphisana kwenxalenye enkulu yezibonelelo.
Kwimeko apho uthotyelo lolawulo sele lusenza ukuba imisebenzi ibize kakhulu kwaye icothe, amathuba okuba a intlawulo yokutsiba yongeza ukuguquguquka kumaxabiso, iikhontrakthi kunye neeshedyuli zokuhanjiswa, ukutyhala iinkampani ukuba zihlaziye kwakhona ukuvezwa kwezinto ezivela ngaphandle kweTshayina.
I-BMW kunye ne-AESC: Uhlengahlengiso kwikhonkco lebhetri
Kule meko, i ikhonkco lexabiso lemoto wenza intshukumo. I-AESC, iqabane labavelisi abaninzi, iye yamisa ukwakhiwa kwendawo yayo yeeseli eMzantsi Carolina kwaye, ngokutsho kwimithombo yoshishino, iphinde yaqwalasela izicwangciso zayo zokubonelela ngeBMW ukusuka kuloo ndawo.
Ngenxa yokunqongophala komthamo wendawo, enye yeendlela ezikhethiweyo kwitheyibhile kukuba i-BMW ihlawule imfuno ngeeseli Iifektri ze-AESC eTshayinaNgexesha elifutshane, le ndlela ingenye inokungqineka ifikeleleka ngakumbi ekusebenzeni, nokuba kuthathelwa ingqalelo imirhumo enokubakho, ngelixa ikhonkco lobonelelo lwase-U.S. lidityanisiwe.
Ngokusemthethweni, i-AESC igcina ukuzibophelela kwayo kwiprojekthi e-United States, inqanda ukunika iinkcukacha malunga izicwangciso zonikezelo ezithileInkampani ibhengeze utyalo-mali olumalunga ne-1.600 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kunye nokudalwa kwemisebenzi emalunga ne-1.600, nangona eli ziko lingasetyenziselwa ezinye iinjongo ngaphandle kweeseli ezingqukuva eziyilelwe i-BMW.
Unqumamo kungenxa yendibaniselwano ukungaqiniseki kwezopolitiko kunye neemarike, ukongeza kwiingxaki zemali. Ngokutshintsha kobume bemirhumo kunye nenkxaso, iinkampani ezininzi ziye zacothisa utyalo-mali ngelixa zilindele ukubonakala okukhulu kunye nemfuno.
AbakwaBMW, kwelabo icala, bahlengahlengisa indawo yayo yaseGreer/Spartanburg ukulungiselela izithuthi zombane ze "Neue Klasse" kwaye bakhe iziko indibano yokupakisha ibhetriIqonga elitsha liza kufudukela kwi-800V yoyilo kwaye lisebenzise iiseli ezingqukuva ezinomlinganiselo wama-46 mm ububanzi (120 mm ubude kwiiSUVs), ngeliso elijonge ekuxinaniseni okukhulu kwamandla kunye nokutshaja ngokukhawuleza.
Iiseli ziye zaphuhliswa ngokubambisana namaqabane, kodwa imveliso iwela I-CATL, i-EVE Energy kunye ne-AESCUtshintsho lweplanti okanye umthengisi lubandakanya ukuqinisekiswa okongeziweyo kunye nokudibanisa; abahlalutyi bamashishini baqikelela ukuba ezi nkqubo zinokuthatha ukuya kutsho kwiinyanga ezili-18, ezinempembelelo enokubakho kwiishedyuli zemveliso.
Eli candelo lijonge ntoni ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili
Ngexesha elifutshane, ukhetho lokungenisa iiseli kunye namacandelo avela eTshayinaNjengesisombululo sebhulorho, sihlala sisebenza, nangona simiselwe ngokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwe-UFLPA kunye nokuqaliswa okunokwenzeka kweentlawulo ezintsha.
Iinkampani ziyawomeleza amaqela azo ukuthobela kunye nokulandeleka, ukuphonononga izivumelwano kunye nokusabalalisa ababoneleli bayo ukulinganisa iindleko kunye nobungozi, ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukuqaliswa kweemveliso ezintsha.
- Ububanzi kunye neendlela zokusetyenziswa kwe-UFLPA kwi-lithium kunye neemveliso.
- Inkcazo yokugqibela yamaxabiso kwiibhetri zemvelaphi yaseTshayina.
- Ukuqinisekiswa kunye nemihla yokugqibela yokuhlanganiswa kobugcisa kwiiseli ezintsha.
- Isantya sotyalo-mali kumthamo wemveliso wase-US
Ukuvela kwezi zinto kuya kuba sigqibo sokuba icandelo liqhubeke nokuthunyelwa kwe-electromobility ngaphandle kokujongana noxinzelelo olukhulu kwiindleko okanye kwiishedyuli. Iqondo elikhulu le ukuxhomekeka kwizibonelelo ezivela eTshayina ibonakala ingenakuthintelwa ngelixa unikezelo lwasekuhlaleni ludityanisiwe.
Imarike ye-lithium yaseTshayina kunye neeprojekthi zebhetri e-US zikwisigaba senguqu, kunye nolawulo olwandisiweyo, iintlawulo ezinokuthi zibe khona, kunye nohlengahlengiso lwemizi-mveliso oluya kuchaphazela abenzi beemoto, ababoneleli kunye nabathengi abalindele izithuthi zombane ezifikelelekayo kwaye zifikeleleke.
