Ngoloyiso lukaTrump kunyulo lwase-United States, uninzi lwezazi ngendalo zavakalisa inkxalabo ngezigqibo ezinokuchaphazela imo engqongileyo. Noko ke, ngokwahlukileyo koku ukungaqiniseki, amanye amazwe ezifana EFinland qhubeka nokuthatha amanyathelo aqinileyo esingise kwikamva eliqaqambileyo ezinzileyo kunye nendalo. Phakathi kwezi nkqubela phambili, iFinland ibalasele ngokuba yiyo ukufunda ukuvalwa kokusetyenziswa kwamalahle ukuvelisa umbane ngaphambi kowama-2030. Esi sizwe saseScandinavia sizibophelele ekupheliseni la mafutha efosili, ngelixa kwamanye amazwe, anjengeSpain, ukutshiswa kwamalahle kunyuke kakhulu.
NgoDisemba, urhulumente waseFinland watyhila ibhongo isicwangciso-qhinga sesizwe secandelo lezamandla. Esi sicwangciso asiqwalaseli kuphela ukupheliswa kwamalahle emveliso yombane kwiminyaka ezayo, kodwa nokukhuthazwa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Ukongezelela, ukuncipha okuphawulekayo kokusetyenziswa kwamafutha e-fossil, afana nepetroli kunye ne-diesel, kuqikelelwa ngokuphunyezwa kwe-biofuels kunye neminye imithombo yamandla ecocekileyo.
Isicwangciso samandla saseFinland
Isicwangciso samandla saseFinland siyilelwe ukubeka ilizwe phambili ekuzinzeni kwamandla ehlabathi. Emva konikezelo phambi kwePalamente, apho urhulumente unesininzi, iFinland inokuba ngumongameli ilizwe lokuqala ukuwisa umthetho wokuvalwa komsebenzi wamalahle. Esi siphakamiso asigxininisi kuphela ekuvaleni izityalo ezibaselwe ngamalahle, kodwa sikwabandakanya umzamo wokulungelelanisa izityalo kwizityalo. Ingca kunye neminye imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo. Olu lutshintsho lwesakhiwo, apho iinjongo ze-2050 ziquka ukuvelisa ngokusondeleyo I-100% yombane ovela kwimithombo ehlaziyekayo.
Indlela yaseFinland ikwabonisa ubunkokeli bayo ekusetyenzisweni kwe Iibhayoloji. Sele ithathwa njengomnye wabasebenzisi abaphambili be-biomass eYurophu, ilizwe lifuna ukuqhubeka nokwandisa umthamo walo wokuvelisa amandla ngendlela yokuzimela. Ukuphuhliswa kwamandla afana nelanga kunye nomoya kuya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kule panorama entsha yamandla.
Injongo ka-2030 nangaphaya: Iinjongo ezithile
Inxalenye ephambili yesicwangciso saseFinnish kukuba nge-2030 ubuncinane i-50% yamandla asetyenziswayo kweli lizwe avela kwimithombo ehlaziyiweyo. Ukongeza, iFinland ijolise ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha e-fossil njengedizili kunye nepetroli xa kuthelekiswa namanqanaba e-2005 ukwenza oku, baceba ukwandisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwe Iibhayoloji ezifana ne-ethanol, inyusa ipesenti yayo ukusuka kwi-13,5% yangoku ukuya kwi-30% kwiminyaka ezayo. Oku kwanda kuya kukhatshwa luncediso-mali ukukhuthaza zombini ukuveliswa nokusetyenziswa kwezi ndlela zintsha zamandla.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iFinland iye yamisela iinjongo ezicacileyo kwiinqwelo zayo zeenqwelo. Injongo kukuba ngo-2030 kuya kubakho ubuncinane Izithuthi zombane ezili-250.000 kunye neenqwelo zegesi ezimalunga nama-50.000 XNUMX. Ngenxa yokuba iinqwelo zeenqwelo zeFinnish zezinye zezona zindala eYurophu, la manyathelo ajolise ekunciphiseni zombini ukukhutshwa kwegesi eluhlaza kunye nokuxhomekeka kwioli.
Kwihlabathi jikelele, amanye amazwe nawo azibophelele ngamandla kumandla ahlaziyekayo. Ngokomzekelo, iNorway, iyaqhubeka nokukhokela ekuthengisweni kwezithuthi zombane kunye nezinokuhlaziywa, ngelixa iFransi neKhanada ziye zabhengeza ukukhutshwa kwamalahle njengomthombo wamandla. Kulo mongo, iFinland ibekwe ngokuqinileyo njengenkokeli yozinzo.
Impembelelo kwicandelo lezothutho
Icandelo lezothutho yenye yeendawo eziphambili ezichatshazelwa sisicwangciso saseFinland. Ngokuphantse kube ngama-250.000 eemoto zombane ezicwangciselwe i-2030, urhulumente ubhengeze utyalo-mali olukhulu kwiziseko ezingundoqo, ezifana nezikhululo zokutshaja kunye nokuhlaziywa kwezithuthi zombane ngoncedo kunye nenkxaso. Okwangoku, iFinland inomnye weenqwelomoya ezindala kunazo zonke eYurophu, kunye nomyinge weminyaka eyi-11,7 ngesithuthi ngasinye.
Ukufakelwa kombane kwezothutho kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse elizweni. Ngokusebenza ngokunxuseneyo nokukhuthazwa kwee-biofuels, iFinland iqinisekisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wayo wamandla ubandakanya omabini amacandelo oshishino nelothutho.
Iinzame zamazwe ngamazwe: IFinland kunye nobunkokeli bayo bengingqi
AsiyoFinland yodwa ezama ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kumalahle neminye imithombo yamandla angcolisayo. EYurophu, amazwe afana EFransi, eCanada naseNorway Sele bephumeze amanyathelo afanayo. Umzekelo, iFransi ijonge ukuvala zonke izityalo zayo zamalahle ngo-2023, ngelixa iCanada izimisele ukuphelisa amalahle ngo-2030.
Yintoni eyahlula iFinland kula mazwe yinjongo yayo yokuvala amalahle ngokusisigxina ngomthetho obophelelayo. Ngoko ke, akusayi kuncitshiswa kuphela izinto ezikhutshwayo, kodwa uphuhliso lobuchwepheshe obucocekileyo nalo luya kukhawuleziswa kwaye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kumandla afana nombane kuya kukhuthazwa. Ingca kunye Iibhayoloji. Ngale nto, iFinland iya kukhokela inguqu iye kwikamva elizinzileyo, imisela umzekelo kwihlabathi liphela.
IFinland kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu: Ibali eliyimpumelelo
Ukugxila kweFinland ekupheliseni amalahle ngo-2030 kubaluleke kakhulu kwimeko yangoku. Ngelixa amanye amazwe ehamba kancinci, iFinland izibophelele ekupheliseni amalahle njengenxalenye yesicwangciso esibanzi sozinzo. Amaziko ombane asasebenza kumalahle nanamhlanje kuya kufuneka aqhelane ngokuthe chu nemithombo engenye, ngakumbi amalahle. Ingca.
Ilizwe liye lakhetha amanye amacandelo ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint, njenge ishishini leemoto kunye nothutho lukawonke-wonke. Ezi zenzo, kunye nophuhliso lwe-bioenergy kunye namandla elanga, zibeka iFinland phakathi kwamazwe enza eyona nkqubela phambili kwinjongo yeSivumelwano saseParis.
Nangona kukho imiceli mngeni emikhulu ezayo, ngakumbi kuhlengahlengiso lweziseko ezingundoqo kunye nolawulo lwemithombo yamandla, iFinland isendleleni eya ekubeni ibe linqanaba lehlabathi ekulweni nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Umzekelo wabo kufuneka ulandelwe ngawo onke amazwe afuna ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwawo kumafutha ezilwanyana.
Ukuma okukhawulezileyo kukarhulumente waseFinland, iinjongo zakhe ezinamandla kunye nokuzinikela okucacileyo ekusetyenzisweni kwemithombo ehlaziyekayo kumisela isantya sokuzimela kwamandla kwixesha elizayo ngokusekelwe kuzinzo.
INorway inokuqhuba kuphela kumbane we-hydroelectric. Okanye nge-biomass.