Ukuphunyezwa kweMimandla yokuPhuma okuPhantsi iqhubela phambili ngesantya esahlukileyo eSpain, phakathi Izibophelelo ezisemthethweni, imihla ebekiweyo sele iphelile kunye nengxoxo edlamkileyo malunga nobubanzi bazoIzixeko ezininzi ezingamakomkhulu ziyilungisa kakuhle imimiselo yazo, ezinye zilandela amanyathelo asemthethweni, yaye abanye oomasipala sele bekulungele ukuwisa imithetho.
Ngelixa iGranada igqibezela ukufudukela kulawulo lwezohlwayo kwaye iCórdoba iye yahlala ixesha elithile, UOviedo noCuenca benza inkqubela kumsebenzi wabo, Uluntu lwaseMadrid luhamba ngokukhawuleza kunye neCoslada, iValdemoro kunye ne-Aranjuez, kwaye iToledo ibiza abahlali bayo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ekuphuhliseni iziko lembali. Konke oku kumxholo we inkuthazo, imali kunye noncedo ukuba imeko ikhalenda.
Yintoni i-ZBE kwaye yintoni efunwa ngumthetho?
Indawo yokuKhusela okuPhantsi yindawo yasezidolophini apho inqanda ukufikelela, ukujikeleza kunye nokupaka kwezona zithuthi zingcolisekileyo Ngokwakho I-DGT yahlukile kokusingqongileyoIsakhelo sibekwe nguMthetho woTshintsho lweMozulu (2021) kunye neRoyal Decree 1052/2022.
Imimiselo ifuna ukuba bonke oomasipala abanabemi abangaphezu kwama-50.000 (kwaye abanye abaneemeko ezithile) babe ne-LEZ esebenzayo. Ngaphandle kwale nto, Kuphela yinxalenye yezixeko ezifunekayo eziye zayiphumeza okanye ziyayivavanya., namanani ajikelezayo malunga nama-55 kwali-149, malunga nesinye kwisithathu sayo yonke loo nto.
Eyona njongo iphambili kukunciphisa ungcoliseko kunye nokuphucula impilo yoluntu ngezithuthi eziphantsi kunye izithuthi zikawonke-wonke ngaphezulu, ukushukumiseka okusebenzayo kunye zero kunye nezithuthi ezikhutshwa kancinci. Ukwaphula i-ZBE kuthathwa njengetyala elibi kwaye kuhambisana nalo izohlwayo ze200 euro (100 ngentlawulo ekhawulezileyo).
Ngokunxuseneyo, iinqanawa zezithuthuthu ziqaqambisa umngeni: Malunga ne-30% ayinayo ileyibhile yokusingqongileyo kwaye yi-1,2% kuphela i-100% yombane., ngokwedatha evela kwi-DGT, eyongeza uxinzelelo kwi ukutshintshela kwizithuthi ezingangcolisi kangako.
Imephu yenkqubela phambili kunye nokulibaziseka ngesixeko
Granada, LEZ kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokuthunyelwa
I-Granada Low Emission Zone sele isebenza kwisigaba solwazi ukususela 1 Oktobha ka-2024 kwaye iyakwenza ukuba kusebenze ixesha lesohlwayo 1 Oktobha ka-2025Izithuthi ezineeleyibhile zinokujikeleza. B, C, ECO kunye no-0 engabhaliswanga kwikomkhulu, ngelixa i Ipetroli ngaphambi kuka-2001 kunye nedizili ngaphambi kuka-2006 ngaphandle kokubalwa kwabantu esixekweni abayi kuba nako ukufikelela.
Lo mmandla ugubungela ummandla kamasipala uphela (malunga I-23,55 km²) ngaphandle. Okungabandakanywanga, phakathi kwezinye, i GR-30 (Ring Road), A-395 (South Ring Road), Merced Alta (A-4006) kunye neSanta María de la Alhambra Avenue, ukongeza kwiAlhambra kunye neSan José Cemetery.
Iindawo ezifana Bobadilla, Lancha del Genil, inxalenye yeCerrillo de Maracena, El Fargue, Serrallo Plaza, El Florío Industrial Estate kunye nemimandla ye-PTS, apho ukufikelela khona Isibhedlele saseSan Cecilio soNyangoIBhunga leSixeko ligcina inkqubo ye izigunyaziso ezisisigxina nezifika ngexesha ipapashwe kwiwebhusayithi yayo yeMobility.
I-Córdoba ihlawuliswe iminyaka emibini.
E-Córdoba, i-ZBE ibisebenza ukusukela entwasahlobo ka-2023, ehambelana kakhulu neendawo ze-ACIREIbhunga liqinisekisa ukuba sele likhupha izohlwayo zokungathobeli kwaye iikhamera, ezihlaziywe ekupheleni kuka-2024, zivumela ukuba kuqhutywe izohlwayo.
Ngokwendawo yeMobility, ulawulo lwendawo lunokuba ngqongqo ngakumbi kunezinye izixeko, kuba ukufikelela kunqunyelwe kwi Izithuthi ze-ECO kunye neZero kwiindawo zayo ezininzi, ethe yathambisa impembelelo njengoko ingummiselo owaziwa ngabemi iminyaka.
Oviedo, imvume yokuqala kunye nendandatho ephindwe kabini
U-Oviedo uye wavuma ekuqaleni iprojekthi yayo yobugcisa kunye nommiselo we-ZBE, nge Iintsuku ezingama-30 zolwazi loluntu ngezityholo. Isindululo sikhethela a uyilo lweringi kabini ukuphepha iziphumo zemida kunye nokuphunyezwa okunenkqubela ngamaphulo okwazisa.
Ifayile iqwalasela ugunyaziso lwexeshana kubahlali kunye nabasebenzi, kwaye yenza ukungena ngokunyanzeliswa kwalo mmiselo ngokuxhomekeke ukuphunyezwa kweSicwangciso esiZinzileyo sokuHamba kweDolophuInjongo echaziweyo lutshintsho "olugudileyo" olulungelelanisa ngokutsha indlela yokusasazwa kwezithuthi.
I-Cuenca, isigaba sokugqibela phambi kweSeshini yePlenary
UCuenca ugcina ngaphakathi umboniso woluntu ummiselo wayo we-LEZ kunye nezicwangciso zokuwungenisa kwiNtlanganiso yesiVumelwano ukuze yamkelwe okokugqibela phakathi kukaSeptemba no-Oktobha. Kwangaxeshanye, iyakhuthaza imigca emitsha yebhasi (ubukhulu becala ibezombane) kunye ne-park-and-ride parking.
Ibhunga lesiXeko libhengeze ukuvulwa okusemnyango kwendawo entsha yokupaka nabanye Iindawo ezingama-200 eMariano Catalina ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwezithuthi zabucala kumbindi wesixeko kunye nokukhuthaza ezinye iindlela ezizinzileyo.
Uluntu lwaseMadrid: inkqubela kunye nokungqubana
Kwidolophu enkulu yaseMadrid, ICoslada ineenkqubo ze-ZBE eziqhubayo; Valdemoro ukuqhubela phambili ngaphandle kokukhomba kwi I-A-4 njengomthombo wayo oyintloko wokukhupha izinto ezikhutshwayo; kwaye Aranjuez ayivumelani nesibophelelo nangona igqibezela ukuphunyezwa kwayo.
Arganda del Rey iyachasa, ibango lomgangatho womoya olungileyo kunye nesilumkiso sempembelelo kurhwebo lwendawo, isikhundla esingqubana nesilumkiso se UMphathiswa wezoThutho malunga nokwenzeka ukurhoxiswa koncedo kwizithuthi zikawonke-wonke kwimeko yokungathotyelwa.
IToledo: uthethathethwano luvuleleke kuluntu
I-Toledo isungule ukubonisana noluntu kwi-LEZ kwiziko lembali ukuze ukuqokelela iziphakamiso kubahlali kunye namaqumrhu. Abahlali ababhalisiweyo abangaphezu kweminyaka eli-16 ubudala kunye namaqumrhu asemthethweni banokuthatha inxaxheba ngokuthumela iminikelo zonabajasemisiones@toledo.es.
Iingcebiso zinokubhaliswa ngekhompyutha okanye ngokobuqu kwiRejistri Jikelele, kunye ne isalathiso sefayili ebandakanyiweyo kwisibhengezo. Ixesha lokuthatha inxaxheba iphela nge-18 kaSeptemba 2025; IBhunga leSixeko liya kuthi ngoko liyile lo mmiselo ngokuhambelana ne "ZBE Project" epapashiweyo.
Granada, undoqo wengxoxo
Ummandla wedolophu yaseGranada ugxile kakhulu kuxinzelelo. UMaracena kunye no-Armilla bathathe ukuphunyezwa enkundleni kwimpendulo kamasipala kwizityholo zakhe; pulianas ucinga ukulandela indlela enye kwaye nabanye oomasipala abakwibhanti bayikhabile ngokusesikweni.
Amabhunga asekuhlaleni abalulekileyo aphikisa ukuba ummiselo ucalula abahlali abangabhaliswanga kwaye yenza ukufikelela yonke imihla kwikomkhulu kube nzima (umsebenzi, amaziko ezempilo okanye iinkqubo), ngelixa iBhunga lesiXeko saseGranada likhumbuza ukuba oku uxanduva lomthetho kwizixeko kwaye ikhusela izibonelelo zempilo kunye nomgangatho womoya.
Urhulumente wasekhaya uye womeleza ulwazi malunga "mhlophe»yezikhethelo nezigunyaziso, kukhankanywa ngokukodwa abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-67 ubudala kwidolophu enkulu, kwaye iza kuqalisa amaphulo amatsha phambi kokuba isohlwayo siqale ngo-Okthobha.
Kwinqanaba lezopolitiko, iqela lobusoshiyali kwiBhunga lesiXeko liye labuza yeka i-ZBE kwaye ubuyele kwimodeli yeringi ekuvunyelwene ngayo kwisikali se-metropolitan, ngelixa ubiza ukuba kusebenze i Isicwangciso soMgangatho woMoya kunye nokuphucula izithuthi zikawonke-wonke kunye noqhagamshelo kwimetro.
I-ofisi kasodolophu igxininisa ukuba iZBE ithathwa njenge umlinganiselo wempilo yoluntu kunye nokuba uyilo lwayo luya kuhlaziywa emva kweminyaka emithathu ukuvavanya iziphumo: ukuncitshiswa kwe NOx kunye namacandelo, i-CO2 encinci, ingxolo kunye nokubuyiswa kwendawo yoluntu.
Inkxaso-mali kunye nenkuthazo: enye into ebalulekileyo
Ukusasazwa kwee-LEZs kuchatshazelwe yi Ulibaziseko kunye nokuncipha kwemali kwiSicwangciso se-MOVESNangona uRhulumente waphinda wavuselela i-MOVES III ngezigidi ezingama-400 kunye nomhla wokugqibela weenyanga ezintathu zokufowuna, ezinye iindawo zokuhlala. abazange bazipapashe kwangethuba kwaye apho benza khona (iMadrid, iCatalonia, iGalicia, iLizwe laseBasque, iAragon) iimali zaphela kwiiveki.
Ngokuhambelanayo, uluntu lwaseMadrid lubhengeze oko uya kuphinda kabini uncedo kubahlali nabarhwebi achatshazelwa zii-LEZs, ngombono wokuququzelela uhlengahlengiso kunye nohlaziyo lwezithuthi. I-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezoThutho, kwelakhe icala, igcina ukwenzeka koku ukurhoxisa inkxaso yezothutho koomasipala abasilelayo ukuthobela imimiselo.
Indibaniselwano yesibophelelo somthetho, inkxaso yezemali kunye nokubeka iliso kuthotyelo luphawu esona santya sophumezo, njengoko izixeko sele zikhuphe izohlwayo, ezinye sele ziza kwenjenjalo, yaye amabhunga esixeko aliqela ekhawulezisa ukusebenza kwazo.
Ngesicelo esingalinganiyo kodwa esisanda ukwanda, i-ZBE idityaniswe njenge iqhekeza eliphambili lokushukuma edolophini eSpain: ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kunye nengxolo, ukukhusela impilo kunye nokulawula izithuthi ziinjongo, ngelixa abalawuli kunye nabemi behlengahlengisa imimiselo, ngaphandle kunye noncedo ukwenza utshintsho lube lula kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
