Izithintelo ezitsha kunye nolawulo luya kuqaliswa kwizixeko ezizikomkhulu ezininzi kwiinyanga ezizayo ngelixa iinkcukacha zigqityiwe. ukukhululwa, iiperimitha kunye neenkqubo zokucuphaEmva koko, sihlaziya utshintsho olufanelekileyo kakhulu eMalaga, eValencia, eCadiz naseBarakaldo, kunye nomxholo welizwe kunye neemeko kwezinye iidolophu zaseSpain.
I-Malaga: isiphelo sokumiswa kunye nokuqala kwezohlwayo
EMalaga, uMmandla woThutho oluPhantsi (LEZ) ushiya ngasemva unyaka wawo wotshintsho: Izohlwayo ziya kuqwalaselwa ukuqala nge-30 kaNovemba. Izithuthi ezingagunyaziswanga ezingena kumjikelezo omiselweyo ziya kubekwa esweni kusetyenziswa iikhamera kunye nokuqaphela ipleyiti yelayisensi. Ukunxiba isincamathelisi akunyanzelekanga. ngaphandle kokuba ibheji yokusingqongileyo inxulunyaniswe nesithuthi esikuvimba weenkcukacha.
La ukufikelela kugunyaziso Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezintathu eziguquguqukayo: ileyibhile yokusingqongileyo, nokuba isithuthi sibhalisiwe kumasipala, kunye nohlobo lwesithuthi (imoto, isithuthuthu, okanye iveni). Kwiimoto kunye nezithuthuthu, abo babhaliswe eMálaga banokungena. rhoqonangaphandle kwesincamathelisi; abo bangaphandle komasipala abanesincamathelisi se-ZERO, ECO okanye u-C baya kugcina ukufikelela okungenamkhawulo; abo banezincamathelisi B bangaphandle baya kukwazi ukujikeleza de kube ngoNovemba 30, 2026Kwaye abo bangenayo ibheji baya kuphulukana nofikelelo ukusuka nge-30 kaNovemba.
ukuba iveni Kusebenza imithetho efanayo, kodwa ngesithuba seminyaka emibini eyongezelelweyo: abo bangaphandle abaneleyibhile engu-B baya kukwazi ukufikelela NgoNovemba 2028 kunye nabo baswele ileyibhile ukuya kuthi ga NgoNovemba 2027Iivans ezibhalisiweyo eMalaga, mda ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo obalulekileyo kumsebenzi wasekhaya.
Kuza kubakhona i isigunyaziso esikhethekileyo kuthutho lukawonke-wonke, ukhathalelo lwempilo, ukuthotyelwa komthetho, iinkonzo zikamasipala, izithuthi zembali, okanye iinkonzo zabucala eziyimfuneko. iSebe lokuHamba liceba ukukhuphela ngaphandle ngaphezulu Iimoto ezingama-26.000 kwaye, kwiminyaka eyi-15, banciphise inani lezithuthi kulo mmandla ngokujikeleza 20%.
IValencia: ungquzulwano lwezopolitiko, ibhajethi emoyeni kunye nekhalenda engaqinisekanga
E-Valencia, ummiselo olawula iNdawo yokuKhusela okuPhantsi (LEZ) wakhatywa ngokupheleleyo emva kokuba ivoti ngokuchasene neVoxIqabane lomanyano lwePP, elishiye iQela elidumileyo ukuba likhusele isicatshulwa sodwa. Inkcaso (PSPV-PSOE kunye neCompromÃs) nayo ayizange isixhase esi siphakamiso, ngokuyiqwalasela. ukuyekelela kwaye kuncinci ngokwemeko yendawo.
UCeba wokuMobility, uJesús Carbonell, ukukhusele ukuphunyezwa inkqubela phambili Kuqale kugxilwe kwizithuthi ezinesitikha esingu-A ezivela ngaphandle kwephondo, nokwandiswa kancinci kancinci kwiminyaka elandelayo. Ukuba nokwenzeka nokuba ukwandisa umjikelezoKodwa utshintsho lukaVox luthintele ukuvunywa. Abachasi balumkisa ngento enokwenzeka ilahleko ye-115 yezigidi Kwasetyenziswa imali yaseYurophu kwaye kwafunwa uxanduva lokuphendula kwezopolitiko.
Olu ngquzulwano longezwa nengxaki yokucwangcisa: uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lukamasipala lowama-2026 Ayikabinayo inkxaso yaneleyo. Ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luyandiswa, Akusayi kubakho midlalo iikhamera, imiqondiso, ulawulo lwetekhnoloji, izibonelelo zokuhlaziya isithuthi okanye inkuthazo yorhwebo kumbindi wedolophu, leyo Yayiza kulibazisa iinyanga eziliqela. ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo kwe-LEZ.
Imithetho yelizwe kunye neYurophu ifuna ukuba izixeko ezinabemi abangaphezu kwama-50.000 zibe nezi ndawo, ngenxa yoko ukukhubazeka inokubeka iValencia kwindawo ebonakalayo evela kwi-Ofisi yoBuphathiswa beNguqu yezendalo kunye ne-EU. Ngeli xesha, iPP, iVox, iPSPV kunye neCompromÃs zigcina izikhundla ezingafaniyo kububanzi, imihla emisiweyo kunye nomjikelezo we-ZBE.
I-Cadiz: i-perimeter echaziweyo kwidolophu endala kunye nokubhaliswa kweepleyiti zelayisensi
IBhunga lesiXeko saseCádiz liqoshelise uyilo loMmandla wokuPhuhliswa okuPhantsi (LEZ) kwaye lifuna imvume yokuqala kwiseshoni yesigqeba esingaqhelekanga sokuvula umlinganiselo ekupheleni konyaka. Umda uchaphazela i isigcina-ntloko (ngaphandle kwendlela ejikelezayo) amacandelo asele ehambe ngeenyawo kumda wolwandle.
Isindululo silindele ukuba i izithintelo zichaphazela ikakhulu izithuthi ezingabhaliswanga esixekweni, ngelixa abahlali abanokubhaliswa kwezithuthi ezilawulwa ngugunyaziwe werhafu wendawo baya kugcina ukufikelela. Ukongeza, i [engacacanga - mhlawumbi "isixhobo" okanye "isixhobo"] siya kuvulwa. umgaqo kwiziqendu ezithile zomgangatho womoya ophantsi.
Phakathi izithuthi ezingenamda Iibhayisekile kunye neenqwelo zokuhamba zomntu (PMVs) zivelele, kunye neemoto zabahambi kunye Ileyibhile yeZERO kunye ne-ECO...ukongeza kwiinkonzo ezingxamisekileyo kunye nezongenelelo, nokuba ziswele iilebhile ezisesikweni. Abanye, njengezinto ezisisiseko, iinkonzo zomngcwabo, ukugcinwa, okanye izinto ezithile zoluntu, kuya kufuneka ubhaliso kwiRejista kaMasipala yokufikelela kwi-ZBE.
Kuza kubakhona i ukukhululwa ngokusisigxina Kwiimeko ezifana nabahlali ababhalisiweyo abanezizathu ezibambekayo, ihotele okanye iindwendwe kwindawo yokupaka (nesaziso sepleyiti yelayisenisi), abantu abanohambo oluncitshisiweyo, iilori ezirhuqwayo, izithuthi zembali, kunye neengcali ezinxulunyaniswa nemisebenzi egunyazisiweyo kunye nemisitho. Izithuthi ezithile ezingenasincamathelisi okanye ezinombhalo B no-C zinokungena ngaphantsi umda wexesha jikelele kunye neemeko ezithile (umzekelo, iigaraji ezingatshintshiyo, unikezelo, iindibano zocweyo okanye iinkonzo zentlalontle).
I-Barakaldo: "UMmandla oMbindi owandisiweyo" kunye nenjongo yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-10%
U-Barakaldo uye wavuma ngokobugcisa ukunqunyulwa kwe-ZBE yayo ngaphakathi kweprojekthi ye-2026-2030, kunye nomjikelezo obizwa ngokuba yi-"Extended City Centre Zone" (iZiko leSixeko, iRontegi, iSanta Teresa, iBeurko Berria, iSan Vicente, iZuazo-Arteagabeitia kunye neLasesarre). Isigqibo singqinelwa yidatha evela umgangatho womoya kunye nengxolo evela kumthamo ophezulu wokufuduswa.
Isindululo sijonge ukuvalela ukufikelela izithuthi ezingenasincamathelisi kunye neleyibhile engu-B kumbindi wesixeko, ngaphandle kobumelwane beDesierto kunye nemimandla esecaleni yamaziko okuthenga kunye neLutxana, Llano, Cruces, Burtzeña, Retuerto, El Regato, kunye neKareaga. I-Cruces ayiqukwanga njengeNdawo yokuKhusela okuPhantsi (LEZ) ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo njenge ukufikelela esibhedlele kwinqanaba likamasipala omkhulu.
Ibhunga liyaqinisekisa ukuba le perimeter ingaphezulu kwe I-10% yokunciphisa izinto ezikhutshwayo Le projekthi ichaza ukuba ukucandwa kwemida kwenza kube lula ukudlula isixeko ngaphandle kokungena (ngeendlela ezifana neRonda de Azkue, Av. Altos Hornos, Av. de la Rivera, kunye ne-Ibaibe). Imimandla efana [neendawo eziza kuchazwa] ayibandakanywa. Beurko Viejo, BEC kunye Megapark.
ISebe loPhuhliso oluZinzileyo livula inkqubo yoku iiseshini zolwazi ukucacisa uluhlu lwezigunyaziso kunye nokukhululwa kunye nokucokisa umda wokuthatha inxaxheba kwabemi. Nangona ungekho umhla wokuphunyezwa, umthetho sele ufuna ukuba yenziwe ngaphambi komhla woku-1 kuJanuwari, 2023, ngoko ke ugxininiso lobuchwephesha lujolise khawulezisa imihla ebekiweyo.
Umxholo welizwe kunye nezinye izixeko: iilebhile, izigaba, iireyithi kunye nezibophelelo ezintsha
Iindawo zokuKhusela okuPhantsi (LEZs) zikhona eYurophu ukusukela ngoo-90 kwaye zisasazeke kulo lonke elaseSpain uxanduva lomthetho koomasipala abanabemi abangaphezu kwama-50.000. Ezothutho zibalelwa malunga ne-29% yezinto ezikhutshwa kuzwelonke, yiyo loo nto ezi ndawo zifuna phucula umgangatho womoya kwaye ihambelane nemigaqo yaseYurophu.
Izixeko ezifana leida Izigaba ziyasebenza: okokuqala, izithuthi ezingenasincamathelisi azikwazi ukujikeleza ezitalatweni ezibandakanyiweyo kwi-ZBE1 ukususela ngoMvulo ukuya kuLwesihlanu (7:00–20:00); ukususela ngoJanuwari ozayo, i iilebhile B Kananjalo ziya kuchaphazeleka ngamaxesha ongcoliseko oluphezulu; kwaye ngo-2028, kucwangciswe ukunciphisa ukujikelezwa kwezithuthi ze-B ngezo yure zinye kunye Ukwandiswa kobubanziUkongeza, abantu abangengabo abahlali banokufikelela Ngama-24 ofikelelo ngonyaka akukho sohlwayo kude kube ngu-2028.
Izithintelo ezininzi ziyavela kwilizwe liphela: ezinye iindawo sele ziqalisile nciphisa ukungena kwi-B izithuthi kwii-LEZ ezithile okanye iimeko, kwaye kwiinyanga ezizayo inkqubela ilindeleke ePalma, eSan Sebastián, eReus, eSantander, eLas Palmas, eValladolid kunye nabanye oomasipala abafunekayo ukuba basebenzise le mimandla ukuze ihambelane nemimiselo.
Entsha UMthetho wokuHamba okuZinzileyo Ibonelela ngezixhobo kumabhunga asekuhlaleni: yenza ukuba iintlawulo zohambo olungafanelekanga kwiiNdawo zoMsi oPhantsi (ezibalwe ngokubhekiselele kwiindleko zokupaka zikawonke-wonke), kwaye ikhuthaza. ukubeka phambili iimoto ezinomthamo omncinci kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke, kwaye yenza ukuba kuvalwe okanye kuthintelwe amanyathelo ngamaxesha ongcoliseko oluphezulu. Ngaphaya koko, iphakamisa jonga kwakhona inkqubo yokuleyibhela I-DGT inonyaka omnye wokulungisa ukungalingani kunye nokongeza ukukhutshwa kweCO2 njengomgaqo.
Umgangatho ukwazisa izicwangciso zokuhamba Isinyanzelo kwiinkampani ezinabasebenzi abangama-200 okanye ngaphezulu, kunye nezohlwayo zokungathobeli, isicwangciso sikarhulumente sikhuthaza ngebhayisekilekwaye ibandakanya inkqubo ye uhlaziyo lwezithuthi Kugxilwe kwi-zero kunye nokukhutshwa okuphantsi, kubandakanywa inkxaso-mali yezithuthi ezisetyenzisiweyo ezihlangabezana nemigangatho ye-Euro 6d. Ikwacebisa ukunciphisa iinqwelomoya zasekhaya ngenye indlela kaloliwe ekhuphisanayo.
Impembelelo kwimarike: izithintelo ezininzi kunye nezithuthi ezigugayo
Ukusasazwa kwe-ZBE idibana nemarike esetyenzisiweyo ilawula iintengiso ESpain (kwimoto nganye entsha ethengiswayo, malunga neemoto ezisetyenzisiweyo ezi-2,1 ziyathengiswa) kunye nomndilili wobudala bezithuthi ezingentla. 14 iminyakaUqikelelo lweshishini lubonisa ukuba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-87% yeemoto ezithengiweyo ngo-2025 ziya kuba aziyi kukwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo ngo-2026 kwiindawo ezithintelweyo, njengoko zingadibananga ne-ECO okanye iilebhile zeZERO.
Idatha ekhoyo ibonisa ukuba a 13% kwezithuthi ezisetyenzisiweyo ezithengisiweyo ziya kudlula izithintelo ze-ZBE, kunye nesabelo se-ECO esikufutshane 10% kunye no-ZERO ngaphezulu kancinci kwe 3%Ekupheleni konyaka-mali wokugqibela kucazululwe, kuphela 1,2% yepaki yesizwe yaba ZERO kunye enye 4,7% ECO, ebonisa umngeni we ukukhawulezisa ukunikezela ngokubhekiselele kubuchwephesha obungangcolisi kangako.
Kwabo bangabanini beemoto ngaphandle kwesincamathelisi okanye nge-B kwaye, ukuya kwinqanaba elingaphantsi, izincamathelisi ze-C, ukuqiniswa okuqhubekayo kwemimiselo kuya kubanyanzela ukuba cwangcisa ezinye iindlela: sebenzisa ithuba lokukhululwa okwexeshana, sebenzisa isithuthi sikawonke-wonke okanye ukuhamba okwabelwanayo, okanye ukutshintshela kwizithuthi iilebhile zokucoca xa kunokwenzeka.
Ngezohlwayo esele zikhona kwezinye izixeko, imimiselo icutshungulwa kwezinye, kunye nesakhelo sombuso esinika izixhobo ezingakumbi kumabhunga asekuhlaleni, ukuthunyelwa kweMimandla yokuKhusela okuPhantsi (LEZs) kungena kwinqanaba eliqinisekileyo eSpain: Izinyathela zikaMalaga kwirhasiIValencia ifuna ukudityaniswa kwezopolitiko kunye nemali, iCádiz ichaza umjikelezo wayo ngokukhululwa okubanzi, kwaye iBarakaldo iseka indawo yayo ephambili. Umngeni oqhelekileyo uya kuba kukudibanisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokusingqongileyoukuqinisekiswa okusemthethweni kunye nenkxaso kwabo bayidinga kakhulu ukuze inguqu isebenze kwaye ingashiyi mntu ngasemva.
