Ukuba unomdla wokulungiselela omnye wemisebenzi yexesha elizayo, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuba nomdla wokwazi ukuba ixesha langoku lilungele. zibanga umsebenzi eziya kufunwa kakhulu ngokwengqikelelo yokukhula koshishino lwamandla ahlaziyekayo. Eli candelo lizimise njengenye yeentsika ezifanelekileyo zokudala amathuba emisebenzi, eqhutywa yimigaqo-nkqubo yokuphelisa ikhabhoni kunye notyalo-mali lwehlabathi kumandla acocekileyo.
Ngokomzekelo, eUnited States, ukuya kutsho kwisi-8 ekhulwini sabasebenzi ababandakanyeka kwimisebenzi enxulumene namandla. Intsingiselo ikhomba ukukhula okubonakalayo kwe amandla ahlaziyekayo, ngomlinganiselo oqikelelweyo wokuqesha we 170% kwishumi leminyaka elizayo. Isizwe kulindeleke ukuba sifikelele kwiinjongo zokuvelisa amandla angama-25% kwimithombo ehlaziyekayo, nto leyo eza kukhulisa imarike yabasebenzi kumacandelo afana amandla elanga, umoya e umbane.
Ukunyuka kwengqesho kumandla ahlaziyekayo kwihlabathi jikelele
Icandelo lamandla ahlaziyekayo likhule ngesantya esingazange sibonwe ngaphambili, sifikelele I-16,2 yezigidi zemisebenzi ngo-2023, ngokwengxelo yakutshanje ye-IRENA kunye ne-ILO. Oku kukhula kuqhutywa ikakhulu kukwanda okuthe chu kumandla elanga nawomoya, kunye nesibini kwisithathu sofakelo lwehlabathi lugxile eTshayina.
Kulo mboniso wehlabathi jikelele, i-China igqame nge-7,4 yezigidi zemisebenzi kwicandelo, nto leyo ebonisa umdla oncomekayo. 46% yetotali iyonke. Emva kokuba iTshayina, iManyano yaseYurophu, iBrazil, iMelika kunye neIndiya ingamazwe avelise imisebenzi emininzi kweli candelo.
Iindawo eziphambili zokukhula: Ilanga, umoya kunye ne-biofuels
Kuwo onke amacandelwana ahlaziyekayo, elona libalaseleyo lelo I-Photovoltaic Energy yamandla, kude kube yi-2023 ivelise 7,2 yezigidi zemisebenzi kwihlabathi jikelele. Ukuthi ngqo, iTshayina ikhokele oku kwandiswa, ukuzihlanganisa njengoyena mvelisi mkhulu kunye nesifakeli sobuchwepheshe belanga.
Ngokuphathelele amandla umoya, eli candelwana liye lavelisa 1,5 yezigidi zemisebenzinge iTshayina y Europe njengeenkokeli ekwenzeni kunye nofakelo lweinjini yomoya. Ukongeza kule mithombo mibini yamandla, i i-biofuels elulwelo Bakwanegalelo kakhulu kwimarike yabasebenzi, nge 2,8 yezigidi zemisebenzi. Kweli candelo, iBrazil ikwindawo ebalaseleyo, imele isithathu semisebenzi yehlabathi kwi-biofuels.
Ngaphandle kokukhula okukhulu ekudalweni kwemisebenzi, ayingawo onke amacandelwana orhwebo lwamandla abonise ukusebenza ngokulinganayo. Umzekelo woku ngu amandla ombane, eyathi ngo-2023 ifumene ukuhla kwenani lemisebenzi ethe ngqo, ngokuncipha ukusuka kwi-2,5 yezigidi ngo-2022 ukuya kwi-2,3 yezigidi ngo-2023. Ngaphandle koku, ihlala ifanelekile kumazwe afana ne-China, i-Indiya ne-Brazil.
Imingeni yehlabathi kunye namathuba kwingqesho eluhlaza
Nangona ukukhula kwemisebenzi kwicandelo lamandla ahlaziyekayo kuye kwaqina, kukwajongene nayo imingeni ebalulekileyo. Umba ophambili kugxininiso lwejografi yophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso, oluvelisa ukungalingani phakathi kwemimandla. Umzekelo, ngelixa i-China kunye ne-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia zihlala zingabaqhubi abaphambili beshishini, imimandla efana ne-Afrika isajongene nobunzima ekwandiseni ingqesho kwicandelo.
EAfrika, umzekelo, kuphela 324.000 imisebenzi kumandla ahlaziyekayo ngo-2023, ngaphandle kobutyebi obunokubakho kummandla. Izisombululo zamandla ahlaziyiweyo ezinatyisiweyo, ezifana iinkqubo ezizimeleyo Ngaphandle kwegridi, banikezela ngendlela yokuphucula ukufikelela kwamandla kunye nokudala imisebenzi kwiindawo ezikude. Ezi zisombululo azivelisi nje amathuba emisebenzi, kodwa zikwakhuthaza ukulingana kwamandla kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho lwasekhaya.
Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo yimfuneko yokuvala i umsantsa kwizakhono kwicandelo. Tyala imali kwi imfundo, uqeqesho lobugcisa nophuhliso lwezakhono kuya kuba yimfuneko ukulungiselela abasebenzi bexesha elizayo. Ngaphaya koko, imigaqo-nkqubo iyafuneka ekhuthaza ukuthatyathwa kwenxaxheba amaqela ahlelelekileyo, kubandakanywa abasetyhini kunye nolutsha, kwimarike yabasebenzi bamandla avuselelekayo. Okwangoku, abafazi bamele kuphela I-32% yabasebenzi kweli candelo, kwaye oku kungalingani kufuneka kulungiswe ukuze kusetyenziswe onke amandla akhoyo oluntu.
Umbane ohlaziyekayo awubalulekanga nje kuphela kumlo ochasene nokutshintsha kwemozulu, kodwa ukwabonelela ngamathuba amakhulu okudala imisebenzi. Njengoko amazwe kunye neenkampani zityala imali kumandla acocekileyo, imarike yabasebenzi iya kuqhubeka isanda, ibonelela ngemisebenzi esemgangathweni kwaye ikhuthaza ulingano olukhulu kumathuba oqoqosho.