Kumanqaku angaphambili ebesithethile ngawo ukufudumeza komhlaba. Kuyo, sikhankanya ukuba enye yezinto eziyimfuneko zokusebenzisa olu hlobo lokufudumeza impompo yobushushu be-geothermal, omsebenzi wayo ufana nempompo yokushisa eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umahluko ophambili kukuba isebenzisa amandla obushushu akhutshwe emhlabeni ukuze asebenze.
Ngaba ungathanda ukwazi ngokweenkcukacha ukuba isebenza njani impompo yobushushu be-geothermal kwaye zithini iimpawu zayo? Olu lwazi luya kuba luncedo kakhulu ukuba ucinga ngokufaka olu hlobo lwenkqubo kwikhaya lakho.
Impompo ubushushu Geothermal
Ukuqonda ngokubanzi ukuba yintoni impompo yobushushu bomhlaba, kubalulekile ukukhumbula kuqala ukuba yintoni ukufudumeza kwe-geothermal. Ubuchwephesha busebenzisa ubushushu obukhutshwa phantsi komhlaba, nokuba kumatye okanye kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba, ukufudumeza isakhiwo. Ubushushu buthuthwa ngamanzi ashushu ajikeleza ngenkqubo yemibhobho ephantsi komhlaba efakwe ngokukodwa.
Impompo yobushushu be-geothermal yeyona nto iphambili kule nkqubo. Enyanisweni, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuye kwanda kangangokuba Imarike yempompo yobushushu ikhule nge-20% ngonyaka kule minyaka yangoku. Ukuba ukhe waqaphela ubushushu obukhutshwa ziityhubhu ezingasemva zefriji, sele unombono oqhelekileyo wendlela osebenza ngayo: ifriji ikhupha ubushushu ngaphakathi ukuya ngaphandle. Ipompo yobushushu be-geothermal yenza into efanayo, kodwa kwelinye icala; Oko kukuthi, kuthatha ubushushu obuvela ngaphandle (phantsi komhlaba) kwaye budlulisele ngaphakathi kwekhaya.
Ukusebenza kwempompo yobushushu be-geothermal
Umgaqo wokusebenza kwempompo yokufudumala kwe-geothermal iyafana naleyo nayiphi na inkqubo yefriji, njengefriji okanye i-air conditioner. Eyona nto iphambili kuzo zombini iinkqubo kukusetyenziswa kolwelo lwefriji olujikeleza ngenkqubo yeetyhubhu. Olu lwelo lunepropati yokufudumeza xa lucinezelwe kwaye luphole xa lusanda.
Ebusika, ulwelo lwesikhenkcisi, oluye lwacinezelwa lwaza lwafudunyezwa, lujikeleza kwisixhobo sokufudumeza ubushushu esidlulisela loo mandla kwinkqubo yokufudumeza yendlu. Ulwelo ke luphole kwaye luyanda, inkqubo apho luphinda ludibane ne umthombo we-geothermal (ubushushu obuvela kumhlaba ongaphantsi) ukutshajwa kwakhona ngamandla obushushu. Lo mjikelo uphinda-phinda ukugcina ikhaya likwiqondo lobushushu obutofotofo.
Nangona impompo yobushushu isebenzisa umbane ukuhambisa ulwelo ngenkqubo, ukusebenza kwayo kuphezulu ngokumangalisayo. Iinkqubo zale mihla zempompo yobushushu be-geothermal zinokuvelisa ukuya kutsho kwi-4 kW yobushushu ngekW nganye yombane osetyenzisiweyo. Oku kusebenza kakuhle kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba akufuneki ukuvelisa ubushushu, kodwa ngokulula ukukhupha emhlabeni, apho amaqondo obushushu ahlala ezinzileyo kunomphezulu.
Ukongezelela, kukho iipompo ezibuyiselwayo, ezinokuphinda zipholise ikhaya ngexesha lehlobo. Ezi mpompo zisebenza umva, zikhupha ubushushu ngaphakathi endlwini ukuya phantsi komhlaba. Oku kuphunyezwa ngevalvu elawula icala lokuhamba kobushushu.
Iindlela zokukhupha amandla obushushu
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenzisa amandla e-geothermal ngeempompo zobushushu. Abasebenzisi baqhelekile ukusebenzisa umoya wangaphandle ukufudumeza, kodwa kwimeko yeempompo ze-geothermal, umthombo wamandla bubushushu obugcinwe phantsi komhlaba. Olu hlobo lwamandla luqwalaselwa ehlaziyekayo y ngokungenasiphelo, ebonelela ngokufudumeza unyaka wonke ngendlela esebenzayo nezinzileyo.
Olu hlobo lwenkqubo lunenzuzo ecacileyo ngaphezu kwezinye iindlela zokufudumeza ezixhomekeke kwimozulu yangaphandle, njengamandla aerothermal. Ngelixa impompo yobushushu eqhelekileyo inciphisa ukusebenza kwayo xa iqondo lobushushu langaphandle libanda kakhulu, impompo ye-geothermal ayiphulukani nokusebenza kakuhle, kuba umhlaba ongaphantsi komhlaba ugcina ubushushu obuzinzileyo, nokuba zithini na iimeko zemozulu kumphezulu.
Iindidi zeempompo zobushushu be-geothermal: zithe nkqo nezithe tye
Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zeempompo zokufudumala kwe-geothermal, ezahlukileyo kwindlela ezifakwe ngayo iityhubhu ezikhupha ubushushu emhlabeni:
- Iimpompo zobushushu be-geothermal ezithe nkqo: Zezona zidumileyo kwaye zifakwe kubunzulu phakathi kwe-150 kunye ne-200 yeenyawo ngaphantsi komhlaba. Kolu lungelelwaniso, iityhubhu zifakwa kwimingxuma emithe nkqo emhlabeni, apho ulwelo lwe-antifreeze lujikeleza olunyusa ubushushu kulwelo olupholisayo lwenkqubo.
- Iimpompo zobushushu be-geothermal ezithe tyaba: Kule meko, iibhubhu zibekwe kufuphi nomphezulu, malunga neenyawo ezi-6 ezinzulu, zihanjiswe ngokuthe tye. Olu hlobo lofakelo lufuna indawo eninzi, okwenza kube lula kwiindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba. Nangona ingabizi kakhulu kunempompo ethe nkqo, isenokungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwemiqathango yokudluliselwa kobushushu.
Kuzo zombini iinkqubo, i-probes yokutshintshiselana ingafakwa kumhlaba kufuphi nemizimba yamanzi, njengemilambo, amachibi okanye amachibi, ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo.
Ukubanjwa kwe-geothermal emanzini
Ukwahlukana okunomdla kweenkqubo ze-geothermal kukuqokelela kwamanzi e-geothermal, apho imibhobho ifakwe ngokuthe ngqo kumzimba wamanzi, njengamachibi okanye imilambo. Le nkqubo ilula kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi malunga nofakelo kwaye ibonelela ngobuchule obukhulu ukuba nje ubutyebi bamanzi bukhona.
Utyalo-mali lokuqala kunye nembuyekezo yezoqoqosho
Omnye wemiqobo ephambili abajongene nayo abo bacinga ukufaka impompo yobushushu be-geothermal lixabiso layo lokuqala. Iinkqubo ze-Geothermal zifuna utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo ekuqaleni, kuba kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba izifundo zangaphambili zomhlaba, ukugrumba kunye nokufumana izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.
Kwikhaya lentsapho, umzekelo, ukufakwa kwenkqubo ye-geothermal kunokubiza phakathi 6.000 kunye nama-13.000 euros. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuba, nangona utyalo-mali lokuqala luphezulu, iinkqubo zempompo yokushisa kwe-geothermal zivumela ukugcinwa okubalulekileyo kwixesha elide. Kuqikelelwa ukuba abasebenzisi banokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ekufudumeni phakathi kwe-30% kunye ne-70%, kwaye kwimeko yokupholisa, phakathi kwe-20% kunye ne-50%. Ngokuxhomekeke kusetyenziso, olu londolozo luvumela utyalo-mali lokuqala ukuba luncitshiswe kwisithuba esiphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 kunye ne-10.
Ukusetyenziswa kobu buchwepheshe akuxhamli nje kuphela umnini wenkqubo, kodwa kunye nokusingqongileyo, ekubeni ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla engahlaziyekiyo kuyancipha kakhulu, kunye nokukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse.
Iimpompo zobushushu be-geothermal lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwabo bafuna ukunciphisa ifuthe labo lexesha elide lokusingqongileyo ngelixa beqinisekisa ukufudumeza okusebenzayo kunye noqoqosho kunye nenkqubo yokupholisa.