Ukusetyenziswa iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ekhaya kuye kwathandwa kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngakumbi ngenxa yokukhula kwamandla avuselelekayo afana nelanga. Yibane ibhetri efanelekileyo ayincedi kuphela ukunciphisa iindleko zetyala lakho lombane, kodwa ikwaphucula ukuzimela kwamandla ekhaya kwaye ibonelela ngenkxaso kwimeko yokucima kombane.
Ukukhetha ibhetri yekhaya ayisosigqibo esingenamsebenzi.. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi, itekhnoloji kunye nolungelelwaniso, nganye ineengenelo kunye nokungalunganga. Eli nqaku lichaza yonke into oyifunayo ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha i isisombululo esifanelekileyo sokugcina, ngokusekelwe kuhlalutyo olupheleleyo lwezona nkqubo zisetyenziswa kakhulu namhlanje.
Yintoni ibhetri yokugcina amandla ekhaya?
Ibhetri yokugcina ikhaya yiyunithi ekuvumela ukuba ugcine amandla ombane, mhlawumbi ukusuka kwimithombo evuselelekayo efana neepaneli zelanga okanye ngokuthe ngqo kwigridi ngexesha leeyure ezingasebenziyo. Injongo yayo ephambili kukuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwaloo mandla ngamaxesha apho imfuno iphezulu okanye kukho ukucima kombane.
Ngokuqhelekileyo zibandakanya enye okanye ngaphezulu kweeseli ze-electrochemical, i-inverter eguqula amandla kwifomu efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwekhaya, kunye nenkqubo yokulawula (BMS) elawula ukusebenza kwabo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ubugcisa bokugcina obuphambili buyafumaneka
Okwangoku zahlukile itekhnoloji yebhetri ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kwindawo yokuhlala. Ngamnye usabela kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo ngokomthamo, iindleko, ukugcinwa kunye nokuqina.
Iibhetri ze-lead-asidi
Zezona zemveli kunye nezoqoqosho. Isetyenziswe iminyaka ekuqaliseni isithuthi kunye neenkqubo ze-UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply), zisekho kwiifakelo zasekhaya ezinohlahlo-lwabiwo mali oluphantsi.
Inzuzo:
- Ixabiso lokuqala eliphantsi, ilungele amakhaya anohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olungqongqo.
- Itekhnoloji eqolileyo kwaye iyaziwa.
Iingxaki:
- Ubomi obufutshane beshelufu, malunga ne-300-500 imijikelezo yentlawulo.
- zifuna ulondolozo, indlela yokukhangela amanqanaba e-electrolyte.
- Inzima kwaye inzima, kunye nokuxinwa kwamandla aphantsi.
Iibhetri zeLithium
Eyona ndlela isetyenziswayo ngoku, ngakumbi enkosi kuyo ngempumelelo, ubungakanani obuncinci kunye nobomi benkonzo ende. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ezona zixhaphakileyo kwicandelo lokuhlala yiLithium-Ion kwaye ngakumbi iLithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4). Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwayo, qhagamshelana iibhetri ze-lithium ze-inverters.
Inzuzo:
- Ukuxinana kwamandla aphezulu, bathatha indawo encinane.
- Ubomi obude obuluncedo, enemijikelo engaphezu kwama-4.000.
- Ngaphandle kwesondlo kwaye ikhuselekile kakhulu.
Iingxaki:
- Ixabiso lokuqala eliphezulu malunga ne-lead-asidi.
Ngaphakathi kweebhetri ze-lithium, i I-LiFePO4 ixabiswa ngokukodwa ngenxa yokuzinza okukhulu kwe-thermal kunye nokhuseleko lomlilo, kunye nokuncinci ukuguga kunye nokukrazula kwiminyaka.
Iibhetri ezihambayo
Bubuchwephesha obuvelayo, obungekaphunyezwa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zokuhlala. Basebenzisa i-electrolyte engamanzi ejikelezayo ukugcina kunye nokukhulula amandla.
Inzuzo:
- I-scalability enkulu, ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso.
- Umjikelo wobomi obude.
Iingxaki:
- Bafuna indawo eninzi kwaye zibe neenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo.
- Iindleko eziphezulu.
Imiba ephambili yokukhetha ibhetri eyiyo
Ngaphaya kohlobo lwebhetri, kukho iindlela ezingundoqo zobugcisa nezokusebenza zokwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo. Isigqibo esilungileyo siqala ngokwazi ikhaya lakho, imikhwa yakho kunye nebhajethi yakho ekhoyo..
Umthamo (kWh)
Ichaza isixa sisonke samandla ibhetri enokuwagcina. Kucetyiswa ukuba ubale usetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla lwekhaya lakho kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ibhetri inokugquma inxalenye ebalulekileyo yalo. Kwikhaya eliphakathi, Umthamo we-5 ukuya kwi-10 kWh ukholisa ukwanela., kwaye inokwandiswa ukuba ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kulindeleke okanye ukuzimela okungaphezulu kuyafunwa. Unako kwakhona uphando malunga iibhetri zamandla omoya ukuqonda ngcono izakhono.
Amandla (kW)
Ibonisa ukuba angakanani amandla anokuhanjiswa yibhetri ngexesha elithile. Oku kubalulekile ukuba izixhobo ezininzi zombane ziqhagamshelwe ngaxeshanye. Kufuneka yanele ukugcina izixhobo ezibalulekileyo.:
- Ifriji
- Ukukhanya okusisiseko
- I-router kunye neekhompyuter
- Amanzi okanye impompo yokufudumeza
Imijikelo yokutshaja kunye nobomi benkonzo
Ibhetri enenani eliphezulu lemijikelo (iintlawulo ezizeleyo kunye nokukhutshwayo) ine a ubomi benkonzo obude. Iibhetri zeLithium zidlula imijikelo engama-4.000; Iibhetri ze-lead-acid zihlala malunga nama-500 kakhulu.
Ukumodareyitha kunye nokulinganisa
Uninzi lweekhithi zegubu zanamhlanje zibonelela ngolungelelwaniso lweemodyuli. Koko kukuthi, Unokuqala ngesakhono esisisiseko kwaye uyandise kwixesha elizayo. Ukongeza iiyunithi ezininzi, ngoko kuluncedo ukuqwalasela iinkqubo ezidibanisa nabanye, njenge Ufakelo lweepaneli zelanga. Oku kubonelela ngokuguquguquka ukuziqhelanisa nokukhula kokusetyenziswa okanye ufakelo olukhulu lwelanga kwixesha elizayo.
Inverter ukuhambelana
Ayizizo zonke iibhetri ezihambelana nayo yonke inverter. Ukuba unenkqubo ye-photovoltaic esele ifakiwe, qiniseka ukuba ibhetri ekhethiweyo inokuhlanganiswa ngempumelelo kunye ne-inverter kunye nenkqubo yokulawula amandla.
Ukufakwa: eludongeni okanye phantsi
Ezinye iibhetri zifakwe zijinga eludongeni, ngelixa ezinye zibekwe phantsi. Inketho yomgangatho kulula ukuyifaka kwaye ayifuni ukuqinisa iindonga, ngakumbi kwiibhetri ezinzima ezingaphezu kwe-100 kg.
Imizekelo yeenkqubo ezidumileyo
Phakathi kweemodeli ezibalaseleyo kwimarike sifumana iibhetri ezifana ne I-Sottlot DPE-5K, esebenzisa iteknoloji yeLiFePO4, inomthamo we-5 kWh kwaye ixhasa ukwandiswa ukuya kwiiyunithi ze-16 ngokufanayo. Inketho eqinileyo ekwabandakanya i-BMS ehlakaniphile yolawulo olukhuselekileyo.
Enye indlela enomdla yikhithi yedrum ye-Dowell, ngeeseli zeCATL kunye noyilo olupakishekayo. Ubomi bayo budlula imijikelo engama-6.000 kwaye inikeza phakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-20 kWh ngokuxhomekeke kwiimodyuli ezifakelweyo, ukudibanisa ukusebenza kunye noyilo lobuhle okukhumbuza isixhobo sanamhlanje sasekhaya. Ungabona ngakumbi malunga nokudityaniswa kwayo kunye iipaneli zelanga Ekhayeni lakho.
Sebenzisa iimeko ngokweprofayili yekhaya
Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla, iimfuno zokutshintsha:
- Amakhaya asebenzisa i-avareji: Ngomthamo ophakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-10 kWh kwiibhetri ze-LiFePO4, ukusebenza kakuhle kuphunyeziwe.
- Amakhaya aneemoto zombane okanye iiyure ezininzi ekhaya: Iibhetri ezinamandla ombane aphezulu (>10 kWh) zinokuthwala imithwalo enzima kakhulu.
- Izindlu kwiindawo ezikwanti: Bafuna ukuzimela ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ke zidityaniswe neenkqubo zelanga okanye iijenereyitha, ngoko ke kuluncedo ukufumanisa malunga noku. iinkqubo ezixubeneyo zelanga nezomoya.
Namhlanje kunokwenzeka thatha ithuba leeyure ezingasebenziyo kwigridi yamandla ukutshaja ibhetri kunye nokusebenzisa loo mandla aqokelelweyo ngamaxesha emfuno ephezulu, ukuthoba ngakumbi umthetho oyilwayo.
Iibhetri zokuhlala nazo zinokudityaniswa kunye Iinkqubo ze-EMS (iNkqubo yoLawulo lwaMandla) okwandisa ulawulo lwamandla kwikhaya lonke, ukulungelelanisa ngexesha langempela kusetyenziso kunye nokuveliswa kwe-photovoltaic.
Ukukhetha isisombululo sokugcina amandla ekhaya akufanele kusekelwe kuphela kwixabiso lokuqala. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela zonke izinto zobugcisa, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nokukhula kwexesha elizayo. Iibhetri, ngakumbi i-LiFePO4, imele ibhalansi engcono kakhulu phakathi kweendleko, ukuqina kunye nokhuseleko namhlanje, ukubonelela ngesisombululo esisebenzayo kunye ne-emission-free ehambelana neemfuno ezintsha zehlabathi lamandla.
