Ubhejo lwe ikamva lamandla acocekileyo Icandelo lamandla likhula ngokuxhuma kunye nemida ngenxa yokubaluleka kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kwiinkqubo zombane zamazwe amaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, oku kutshintshela kwimithombo efana namandla elanga nawomoya kujongene nomngeni obalulekileyo: indlela yokwenza gcina igridi yombane ezinzileyo kwaye inokuthenjwa xa kuthelekiswa nokuphazamiseka kwendalo kwezi teknoloji. Undoqo kolu tshintsho lulele, ubukhulu becala, kwi uphuhliso kunye nokuhlanganiswa kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla ezivumela amandla enziweyo ukuba asetyenziswe xa kukho ukugqithisa kwaye akhululwe ngamaxesha emfuno ephezulu.
Inkqubela ephawulekayo yenziwe kule nkalo kwiinyanga zakutshanje. Iingcali ezininzi kunye neenkokheli zoshishino zibonisa ukuba, kude nokuba sisisombululo sangomso, ukugcina amandla ngoku kubalulekile ukumodareyitha unikezelo kunye nemfuno, ukuzinzisa inkqubo, kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwimithombo yesiqhelo enganelisiyo ukusingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, indlela ayinayo imiqobo: ukungabikho kwezikhokelo zolawulo ezicacileyo, imfuno yotyalo-mali oluqinisekileyo kunye nokuvela kobuchwepheshe obutsha obunokuphazamiseka okunokubangela umngeni kunye nethuba eligcweleyo lokutshintshela amandla.
Ukugcinwa, ilitye lembombo lokuzinza kwiinethiwekhi ezihlaziyiweyo
Ukunyuka kwamandla acocekileyo Oku kukhokelele ukuba amazwe amaninzi akhethe iindlela ezithatha indawo yamafutha efosili ekuveliseni umbane. Nangona kunjalo, ukuguquguquka kwale mithombo, ngakumbi kwezo apho ubukho belanga okanye umoya bungenakuqinisekiswa ngawo onke amaxesha, kuvelisa iincopho kunye neentlambo kwimveliso Bangakwazi ukulinganisa uthungelwano lwasekhaya okanye lwezoshishino ukuba akukho zindlela zokulawula ngokufanelekileyo.
Kwi-Peninsula yase-Iberia, umzekelo, ISpain ibeke ithagethi ye-20 GW yomthamo wokugcina ibhetri ngo-2030., inani elihambelana nesiCwangciso seSizwe saMandla esiDityanisiweyo kunye neMozulu. Ingqiqo ilula: amandla avuselelekayo ngakumbi afakwe kumxube, inkulu indima iinkqubo ezigcina olu gqithiso kwaye lukhulule xa lunqabile, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa unikezelo oluzinzile kunye namaxabiso angaguquguqukiyo.
Kumazwe afana neMexico, iinzame zokuphucula inkqubo yombane ibandakanya ukufakwa kwe-BESS (iiNkqubo zokuGcina amandla ebhetri) iinkquboInjongo icacile: ukunyusa ukuqina kwegridi, ukuphendula ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwe-electromobility, kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka okunzima kwimithombo engahlaziyekiyo, esayibala inxalenye enkulu yesizukulwana sikazwelonke.
Imingeni yobugcisa kunye nolawulo ekudityanisweni kwezinto ezihlaziyiweyo
Ukukhula ukubaluleka kwe ukugcinwa kwamandla kwinguqu yecandelo lombane ikhatshwa ngamaqela ahlukeneyo imingeni yobugcisa kunye nolawuloEhlabathini lonke, ukunqongophala kokucaciswa kwezomthetho kunye nenkuthazo kuthintela uphuhliso kunye nokusasazwa kwezi zisombululo. Njengoko iingcali zoshishino zichaza, imithetho yomdlalo ayikachazwa ngokwaneleyo, eyenza nzima ukwenza izigqibo kwaye icothise utyalo-mali oluphambili.
Ngokomzekelo, eColombia, iiprojekthi zebhetri zegridi zihlala zi-anecdotal ngenxa yemimiselo ephelelwe yisikhathi kunye nokungabikho kokuqatshelwa kweenkonzo ezincedisayo ezinikezela kwinkqubo. Nangona amalinge okulinga eqhuba, ukusebenza kwawo kusikelwe umda ngulo mxholo wolawulo, nto leyo ebiza kuthandabuzeka ukuthembeka kwexesha elide legridi yombane ngexesha lokutshintsha kwamandla.
Ngaphaya koko, uphazamiseko lwendalo lufuna uhlaziyo uyilo oluguquguqukayo nolwahlukeneyo lwematrix yamandlaIingcali zigxininisa ukuba ukuzinza kwenkqubo kuxhomekeke ekudibaniseni imithombo eyahlukeneyo, ngaphandle kokumisela umlinganiselo wendalo yonke, ekubeni iimeko zejografi kunye nokusetyenziswa zihluka kakhulu ngommandla.
Ubutsha betekhnoloji kunye neeprojekthi zobuvulindlela kwindawo yokugcina
Uphando lwamva nje kunye nophuhliso lubonisa ukuba ukuzinikela kwi ubugcisa bokugcina obuphezulu uthwala isiqhamo. Abaphandi base-Australia benze inkqubela ebonakalayo ekuphuhliseni Iibhetri ze-Zinc-iodine zikhuselekile kwaye zihlala ixesha elide kuneebhetri ze-lithiumIsitshixo kwezi zixhobo zitsha kukwenziwa kwee-electrode ezomileyo, ezizixhasayo, ezivumela ukuxinana kwamandla amakhulu, umngcipheko ophantsi weesekethe ezimfutshane, kunye nobomi obude kakhulu kuneebhetri zemveli. Ngaphezu koko, ngokunciphisa ukusasazwa kwe-iodine kwi-electrolyte, iibhetri ezintsha ziyakwazi ukugcina umthamo wentlawulo ophantse uphelele emva kwamakhulu emijikelezo, uphuhliso oluthembisayo lweebhanki ezinkulu zokugcina ezixhunyiwe kwigridi.
Kwelinye icala, iinkampani ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-consortia ziye zasungula Iiprojekthi zogcino lwamandla egridi eziqinisekisiweyo kwihlabathiUmzekelo obalaseleyo yiprojekthi ekhokelwa yiHuawei Digital Power kunye neSchneiTec eCambodia, enomthamo we-12 MWh kwaye iqinisekiswe nguTÃœV SÃœD. Ayisiyiyo kuphela impendulo ye-inertia, isiqalo esimnyama, kunye nolawulo lwamandla ombane oluguquguqukayo luvavanyiwe, kodwa ukuba luncedo kwabo kuye kwaqinisekiswa kuzo zombini iimeko ezikwanti kunye neegridi ezibuthathaka, ukubeka umzekelo ofanelekileyo wokwandiswa okukhulu kwexesha elizayo.
Indima yoqoqosho kunye nentsebenziswano kutshintsho lwamandla
La ukuzinza kwegridi yombane Ayingomba wezobugcisa kuphela, kodwa ungowoqoqosho. Ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo zokugcina kunceda amaxabiso ombane aphakathi, kunciphisa isidingo sokubhenela kwiiteknoloji ezibiza kakhulu ngexesha lemfuno ephezulu, kwaye komeleza ukukhuphisana kweenkampani zombini kunye nabathengi bokugqibela. Ngaphaya koko, utyalo-mali kweli candelo lunokudibanisa ubunkokheli betekhnoloji yaloo mimandla izibophelele ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha kunye ne-decarbonization.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuphumeza le nkqubela kufuna a imeko yentsebenziswano yoluntu-yabucala apho abalawuli, iinkampani, kunye namaziko etekhnoloji asebenza kunye ukuphelisa imiqobo, ukonyusa utyalo-mali, kunye nezicwangciso zoyilo ezikhuthaza ukuguquguquka nokusebenza kakuhle kwinkqubo. Ngaphandle kwezi nzame zidibeneyo, ushishino, ukusungula izinto ezintsha, kunye namathuba ophuhliso anokungxengwa, kucothiswe inkqubela ukuya kuthungelwano olucocekileyo noluzinze ngakumbi.
Ukunyuka kokusetyenziswa kwamandla okudityaniswe nedijithali, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa, kunye nokuhamba okuzinzileyo kwenza ukuba kungxamiseke ngakumbi ukufumana izisombululo ezidibanisa ukhuseleko lokubonelela, ukuzinza, kunye nokuguquguquka. Kulo mxholo, ukugcinwa kwamandla ahlakaniphile kunye nokulawula ziintsika apho ikamva leenkqubo zombane zanamhlanje lixhomekeke kuyo.
Ukwandiswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nokuphunyezwa kobuchwepheshe bokugcina zidityanisiwe njengezona ziqinisekiso eziphambili zegridi yombane ethembekileyo nezinzileyo. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, utyalo-mali, kunye nophuhliso lwemigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo luya koyisa imida yangoku, lunikezela ngeenkqubo zamandla eziya zikhuseleka ngakumbi, zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zilungelelaniswe neemfuno zabasebenzisi kunye neshishini.