El papel kunye iphepha elinamaphepha Zizinto zemihla ngemihla eziphuma kwimithi. Ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwezi zixhobo, ngakumbi uxinzelelo olubekwe kwimithombo yamahlathi, nto leyo inokukhokelela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi ukuba azilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zephepha kunye nekhadibhodi kukuba zombini izinto ziyakwazi ukuphinda zisetyenziswe, zinciphisa isidingo sokugawula imithi emininzi.
Malunga ne-60% ye papel kunye iphepha elinamaphepha esetyenziswa ehlabathini inokubuyiselwa ukuze isetyenziswe kwakhona. Kule nkqubo, i izitya Izikhongozeli ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nesingxobo esizuba, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo, kuba zivumela inkunkuma yamaphepha kunye nekhadibhodi ukuba yahlulwe kuyo yonke inkunkuma, iququzelela ukubuyiswa kwayo kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona.
Ngokuhlelwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezi mveliso, iintlobo ezintsha zephepha kunye nekhadibhodi zinokuveliswa, nto leyo enegalelo elikhulu ekukhuselweni kwendalo. Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe iphepha akugcini nje ukusindisa imithi, kodwa kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye namandla ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo jikelele.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukurisayikilisha iphepha nekhadibhodi?
Ukurisayikilishwa kwephepha kunye nekhadibhodi kuneenzuzo zokusingqongileyo kunye noqoqosho. Ngokwezifundo zokusingqongileyo, ngetoni nganye yephepha elisetyenziswe ngokutsha, sigcina:
- 17 imithi yabantu abadala
- 140 ilitha yeoli
- Iilitha ezi-27.000 zamanzi
- Ukukhutshwa kwe-900 kg ye-CO2 kuphetshwa
Ukongeza, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe amaphepha kunciphisa indawo yokulahla inkunkuma kwaye kwandisa ubomi babo obuluncedo. Inkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo ezifana neetawuli zephepha kunye nezicubu azikwazi ukuphinda zisetyenziswe njengoko zithathwa ngokuba 'yinkunkuma enokutsha' xa sele isetyenzisiwe, nto leyo eyandisa ukubaluleka kokurisayikilishwa kwephepha elicocekileyo nekhadibhodi.
Inkqubo yokurisayikilisha iphepha nekhadibhodi
Ukurisayikilishwa kwephepha kunye nekhadibhodi kulandela uthotho lwamanyathelo:
- Ukuqokelela kunye nokwahlula: Inkunkuma yamaphepha kunye nekhadibhodi ifakwe kwizikhongozeli eziblowu ezilungiselelwe oku kusetyenziswa. Kubalulekile ukuba iphepha licoceke kwaye lingangcoliswa zezinye izinto. Kwizityalo zoshishino, ziyahlukana ngokobunzima kunye nomgangatho wazo.
- ukuxinana: Yakuba yohluliwe, inkunkuma idityaniswa ibe ziibhloko ezinkulu ukuze kube lula ukuthuthwa kwayo kwizityalo ezirisayikilishwa.
- Ukucwangciswa: Kwizityalo, iphepha kunye nekhadibhodi zicunyuziwe kwaye zixutywe namanzi kumatshini obizwa ngokuba Itywina, eyenza i-pulp cellulose.
- Ukudibanisa kunye nokulungisa: Iinki, i-glues kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo ziyasuswa, zivumela ukuba kufumaneke i-paste ecocekileyo.
- Ukwenziwa kwendima entsha: Emva kwenkqubo yokucoca, i-pulp icinezele kwaye yomiswe ukwenza iphepha elitsha elineempawu ezithile kuxhomekeke ekusebenziseni (ukuchasana kwamanzi, ubukhulu, njl.).
Iimveliso ezisetyenzisiweyo: ukunika ubomi obutsha kwinkcitho
Nje ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokutsha, iphepha kunye nekhadibhodi zinokuba nezinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kumgangatho wepulp efunyenweyo, iphepha elihlaziyiweyo linokuguqulwa libe:
- Iphepha lokushicilela nokubhala
- Ikhadibhodi enezinki yokupakisha
- Iikhadibhodi zobugcisa kunye nezinye iimveliso
- Iipleyiti zekhadibhodi, iiglasi kunye nezinye izixhobo
Isenokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iphepha elinokonakala, i-napkins, izicubu kunye neemveliso ezininzi ezidityanisiweyo zibuyele kwikhonkco lokusetyenziswa ngendlela ezinzileyo. Iinkampani zisanda kuphumeza ukusetyenziswa kwekhadibhodi ehlaziyiweyo, enceda ukunciphisa ngakumbi impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.
Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo zokusebenzisa kwakhona ngokuchanekileyo ekhaya
Ukwenza igalelo elisebenzayo kuhlaziyo lwephepha kunye nekhadibhodi, unokulandela la macebiso:
- Qinisekisa ukuba uyasonga okanye usike amaphepha kunye nekhadibhodi zibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci phambi kokuba uzibeke emgqomeni ozuba.
- Musa ukubeka iibhokisi ezipheleleyo ngaphandle kwezikhongozeli, njengoko oku kwenza kube nzima ukuziqokelela.
- Kuphephe ukujula izicubu ezisetyenzisiweyo okanye iitawuli zephepha kumgqomo wephepha, njengoko ezi azinakuphinda zisetyenziswe. Zigcine kwisikhongozeli senkunkuma ephilayo.
- Ukuba uneebhokisi ezinkulu kakhulu, zise kwiziko lasekuhlaleni lokurisayikilisha ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukurisayikilishwa kuqala ekhaya. Okukhona sisenza ukurisayikilisha ngokuchanekileyo imveliso, kokukhona ubutyebi bendalo obumbalwa busetyenziswayo kwaye kokukhona kuncipha neempembelelo zokusingqongileyo.
Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe iphepha kunye nekhadibhodi inkunkuma Ikwanceda ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwemethane kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma, kuba ezi mathiriyeli ziyakwazi ukubola kwaye zibole ngokukhawuleza xa zilawulwa kakuhle.
Ngokuhlaziya iphepha kunye nekhadibhodi, sandisa ubomi bemithombo yendalo, sinciphisa inkunkuma kwiindawo zethu zokulahla inkunkuma kunye nokunceda ukunciphisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi kwihlabathi jikelele. Ukukhuthaza ukurisayikilisha kuwo onke amanqanaba, ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumashishini, linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekwakheni ikamva elizinzileyo.