Amakhaya angomso sele elapha, kwaye zakhiwe kwisiseko esicacileyo kakhulu: ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, ukuzinza kunye nokugcinwa. Omnye wabalinganiswa ababalaseleyo kule modeli yamandla entsha yi yomoya, iteknoloji edibanisa ngokugqibeleleyo kunye namanye amandla avuselelekayo njenge-photovoltaic yelanga. Ukongeza, unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neempembelelo zala mandla impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yeepaneli zelanga.
Kodwa ngaphaya kokonga kwityala lakho lombane, ukufaka isixokelelwano somoya opholileyo ekhaya kunesiphumo esithe ngqo: iphucula ukureyishwa kwesatifikethi samandla, uxwebhu oluyimfuneko lokuthengisa, ukurenta okanye ukulungisa ikhaya. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba amandla e-aerothermal anokukunceda njani ukuba ufezekise ikhaya elizinzileyo? Apha sikuxelela yonke into.
Yintoni isiqinisekiso samandla kwaye kutheni sinyanzelekile?
Isiqinisekiso samandla Luxwebhu olusemthethweni eSpeyin ukususela ngo-2013 oluchaza ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwipropati usebenzisa isikali soonobumba ukusuka kwi-A (ukusebenza kakuhle kakhulu) ukuya kwi-G (ubuncinci obuncinci). Olu luhlu lusekelwe ekufudumeni, ukupholisa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ashushu asekhaya, kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-CO2 okwenziwa koku kusetyenziswa.
Ukwenza oku, igcisa eligunyazisiweyo kufuneka lityelele ikhaya kwaye liqokelele lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko, njengohlobo lokugquma, inkqubo yokupholisa umoya, ukuqhelaniswa nezinto zokwakha. Isatifikethi siyasebenza 10 iminyaka ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezinohlelo G, apho ukusebenza kwayo kuncitshiswe ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu. Kule meko, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukusetyenziswa kwe i-insulators yendalo ye-thermal ukufumana ibakala elingcono.
Olu xwebhu lubalulekile kuyo nayiphi na ipropathi ethengiweyo okanye inkqubo yerenti, kwaye umlinganiselo wayo unokuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ixabiso lepropati, umtsalane wayo kubathengi, kunye nokufikelela kwiinkxaso kunye nokuxhuzulwa kwerhafu.
Yintoni amandla aerothermal kwaye asebenza njani?
La yomoya Bubuchwephesha obusebenzisa ubushushu obuvela kumoya wangaphandle ukuvelisa Ukufudumeza ebusika, ukupholisa ehlotyeni kunye namanzi ashushu unyaka wonke. Konke oku kwenziwa ngempompo yokushisa, ngenxa yokutshintshiselana kwe-thermal, iyakwazi ukuhambisa ukushisa ukusuka kwelinye igumbi ukuya kwelinye.
Le nkqubo iqulathe izinto ezintathu eziphambili:
- Unidad ngaphandle, ethi ibambe amandla emoyeni.
- Iyunithi yangaphakathi okanye impompo yobushushu, ephakamisa ubushushu kwaye idlulisele kwinkqubo.
- Iinkqubo zokusasaza: Ukufudumala okuphantsi komgangatho, iiradiyetha eziphantsi okanye iikhoyili zefeni.
Ehlotyeni, inkqubo iyatshintshwa, isebenze njenge-air conditioner esebenzayo. Ngaphandle koko, akukho kutsha, ngaloo ndlela ishenxisa nayiphi na ingozi yokukhutshwa kwezinto eziyingozi njengakwimeko yeebhoyila zegesi okanye zedizili. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokufakwa kunye nokusebenza kwamandla e-aerothermal, tyelela isikhokelo kumandla aerothermal.
Izinto ezilungileyo zamandla aerothermal kwisatifikethi samandla
Faka inkqubo ye-aerothermal inokuphucula ngokubonakalayo umlinganiselo wamandla wekhaya. Oku kunemiphumo emihle kakhulu kwimbono yezoqoqosho, yokusingqongileyo kunye nolawulo.
Ngoba? Ngenxa yokuba amandla e-aerothermal afikelela kwireyishini esebenzayo engaphezulu lee kwiinkqubo ezininzi zemveli. Nge-1 kWh nganye yombane osetyenzisiweyo, uvelisa phakathi kwe-3 ne-4 kWh yamandla aluncedo (COP phakathi kwe-3 ne-4), emele amandla ukongiwa kwamandla kuma-60% ukuya kuma-75%.
Ngokwemizekelo yokwenyani, kumakhaya awayesebenza ngaphambili ngegesi okanye iibhoyila zedizili, a ukongiwa kwamandla kuma-50% ukuya kuma-70% emva kokutshintshwa kwazo nge-aerothermal systems. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ezona nkqubo zisebenzayo zokufudumeza.
Ukongeza:
- Nciphisa ukukhutshwa kweCO2, ukuphucula isalathisi sokusingqongileyo sesatifikethi.
- Kuthathwa ngokusemthethweni amandla avuselelekayo ngokomyalelo waseYurophu 2009/28/EC.
- Iyahambelana nezinye iinkqubo ezivuselelekayo njengeepaneli ze-photovoltaic.
Amandla e-aerothermal adityaniswe namandla elanga: i-combo egqibeleleyo
La ukudibanisa amandla e-aerothermal kunye neepaneli zelanga ze-photovoltaic Yenye yeendlela ezisebenzayo zokufikelela kwikhaya elizimeleyo elinomlinganiselo obalaseleyo wamandla. Ukufumana ukuqonda okupheleleyo kwe iingenelo zeepaneli zelanga ekhaya, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela le synergy.
Amandla elanga agubungela inxalenye okanye yonke impompo yobushushu bokusetyenziswa kombane, ukwenza inkqubo isebenze 100% iyahlaziyeka. Oku kuxutywa kunciphisa ngakumbi i-carbon footprint kunye nokwandisa ukugcinwa kwexesha elide.
Ngeentsuku ezinelanga, kunokwenzeka galela amandla angaphezulu kwigridi ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokuzithengela kunye nembuyekezo (i-net metering), ukuvelisa iikhredithi zombane ezitsalwa kwi-bill yenyanga.
Indlela oku kuphembelela ngayo uvavanyo lwamandla ekhaya
Isatifikethi samandla sithathela ingqalelo imiba emininzi efana ne ukugquma, ukuqhelaniswa, inkqubo yomoya womoya, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ashushu okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo. Amandla e-aerothermal achaphazela ngokuthe ngqo uninzi lwezi zinto, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Khumbula ukuba ukufakela okuchanekileyo kunokubandakanya izixhobo zokugquma indalo.
Ukufudumeza ikhaya ngamandla omoya opholileyo kusebenza kakhulu. kunokukwenza usebenzisa iiradiyetha zombane okanye iibhoyila zesintu. Ikwavumela ibakala elingcono kwicandelo lamandla eprayimari angahlaziyekiyo, enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zesatifikethi.
Umzekelo, ukutshintsha inkqubo yokufudumeza kombane ngenkqubo ye-aerothermal kunokukwenza ukuba uhambe ukusuka ku-F okanye ku-G ukuya ku-B okanye nakwi-A, leyo ukwandisa ixabiso lekhaya lakho kwaye inciphisa kakhulu impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yekhaya.
Imizekelo yokwenyani yokonga ngeenkqubo ze-aerothermal
Iimeko ezininzi ziqinisekisa iingenelo zamandla e-aerothermal kumakhaya nakumashishini:
- Ikhaya lentsapho enye eAlmería yanciphisa iindleko zayo zamandla ngesiqingatha emva kokutshintsha ibhoyila yayo ngempompo yobushushu yomthombo womoya.
- Isakhiwo eZaragoza kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthuthuzela kwe-thermal enkosi kule nkqubo.
- Iivenkile ezinkulu ezifana neMercadona Baye bamkela amandla e-aerothermal kwiivenkile zabo, bafezekisa ukunciphisa i-25% ekusebenziseni amandla.
- Ihotele yaseRiu eMadrid iphumelele i-40% yogcino kwi-air conditioning kunye ne-ACS ngenxa yolu hlobo lofakelo.
- Isityalo sokutya eValencia igcinwe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30% ngokusebenzisa amandla e-aerothermal kwiinkqubo zayo zolondolozo.
Ezi datha zibonisa ukuba ayinakwenzeka kuphela kwinqanaba lasekhaya, kodwa inenzuzo kakhulu kumashishini kunye namashishini.
Ukufakwa kweepaneli zelanga izalisekisa ngokugqibeleleyo ukusebenza kakuhle okunokuthi kuphunyezwe ngeenkqubo ze-aerothermal.
Uncedo, utsalo kunye neenzuzo zerhafu zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla
Ufakelo lweenkqubo ezifana namandla aerothermal Unokuxhamla kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezibonelelo kunye nokutsalwa kwerhafu, zombini kwinqanaba likarhulumente kunye nengingqi.
Ngaphakathi kwesiCwangciso sokuBuyisela kwakhona, iNguqu kunye neSicwangciso soBuyiselo, umzekelo, ukutsalwa kwerhafu yengeniso yomntu siqu kubandakanyiwe:
- I-20% yokutsalwa ukuba unciphisa imfuno yokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa nge-7%.
- I-40% yokutsalwa Ukuba unciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuqala angahlaziyekiyo ngama-30% (anokuboniswa ngezatifikethi).
- I-60% yokutsalwa ukuba uhlaziya ikhaya lakho ukuze ufumane isatifikethi sokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.
Ukongeza, iibhanki ezininzi zibonelela ngenkxaso-mali enenzala ephantsi yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kwaye ezinye iinkampani zamandla zibonelela ngeenkqubo zoncedo oluthe ngqo.
Ingaba yeyasekhaya ngalinye?
Amandla e-aerothermal akhuthazwa ngokukodwa kwi amakhaya okwakha amatsha okanye ulungiso olubanzi, njengoko inokuhlanganiswa ngokulula kwisakhiwo kunye noyilo lwepropati. Nangona kunjalo, iyakwazi ukuvuselelwa ngokuyinxenye ukuba i-insulation kunye nofakelo luyayivumela. Khumbula ukuba ukusebenzisa iisistim zokugquma ezisemgangathweni kunceda ekuphuculeni ezi ntlobo zofakelo.
Ke ngoko, ukuba ucinga ukuthengisa okanye ukurenta ipropathi yakho, Ukufakela le nkqubo akugcini nje ukwandisa ixabiso layo, kodwa ikwaphucula ibakala lakho kwisatifikethi, ikwenza ube nomtsalane ngakumbi emarikeni.
Ukukhetha amandla e-aerothermal ayisiyiyo kuphela into enokuphinda ihlaziywe kwaye inoxanduva lokusingqongileyo, kodwa notyalo-mali oluphucukileyo oluphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho, ukunciphisa iindleko zakho zamandla, kwandisa amandla ombane wekhaya lakho, kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kunceda ukwakha imodeli yezindlu ehambelana nokusingqongileyo.
