I-energy landscape e-UK ithathe inguqu ephambili Ukulandela isigqibo sikarhulumente wezaBasebenzi sakutsha nje sokutyala imali eninzi kumandla enyukliya, isicwangciso-qhinga esiphawula ukubuya koshishino olwalunempikiswano ngokwembali kwaye uthembisa ukuba neziphumo kuqoqosho nokhuseleko lwamandla esizwe kumashumi eminyaka.
Iprojekthi ye-flagship Sizewell C, eseSuffolk, Iye yaba yeyona nto iphambili kweli xesha litsha, notyalo-mali loluntu olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili kunye nenkxaso yabantu abadumileyo abanjengoTony Blair kunye noKeir Starmer kulawulo lwangoku. Ingxoxo kawonke-wonke itshintshiwe, kwaye emva kweminyaka yokungaqiniseki, amandla enyukliya aphinde abe sembindini we-ajenda yamandla yaseBritane.
Ukwamkelwa kuka-Sizewell C: urhulumente kunye nokuzinikela kobuchule
Urhulumente waseBritane unike ukukhanya okuluhlaza kulwakhiwo lwesikhululo samandla senyukliya sika-Sizewell C, inyathelo elibandakanya utyalo-mali lulonke olungaphezu kweebhiliyoni ezingama-38.000 zeerandi. Eli nani, elimalunga neebhiliyoni ezingama-44.000 zeerandi, lenza le projekthi ibe lelona bhongo kakhulu eYurophu malunga nokuveliswa kombane onekhabhoni ephantsi.
URhulumente uya kulawula i-44,9% ye-Sizewell C, ukudibanisa amandla kunye namaqabane ngamazwe afana neLa Caisse (20%), inkampani yamandla i-Centrica (15%), i-Amber Infrastructure (7,6%) kunye neqela lesiFrentshi i-EDF (12,5%). Esi sikimu sokuthatha inxaxheba sifuna ukulungelelanisa iinzuzo zoqoqosho, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamandla, kunye nokutsala inkunzi yabucala ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo.
Isityalo siya kuba ne amandla okuvelisa iigigawati ezi-3,2, ngokwaneleyo ukubonelela ukuya kwizigidi ezithandathu zamakhaya aseBritani, malunga ne-20% yemfuno yelizwe. Kwakhona kuqikelelwa ukuba kuya kudala Imisebenzi engama-10.000 ethe ngqo kwisigaba sokwakha kunye namawaka ngaphezulu ngokungangqalanga, ukomeleza ilaphu lemizi-mveliso yase-UK kunye nokubeka iMpuma yeNgilani njengendawo yophuhliso lobuchwepheshe namandla.
I-70% yeekhontrakthi ezinxulumene no-Sizewell C ziya kunikwa iinkampani zasekhaya, ukunyusa ukuthengiswa kwelizwe kunye nokudibanisa uthungelwano lwababoneleli baseBritani abangaphezu kwe-3.500. Le projekthi ikwabandakanya uqeqesho lwabasebenzi abasaqeqeshelwa umsebenzi abali-1.500. ukubheja kudluliselo lolwazi neziqinisekiso zobungcali kwicandelo lenyukliya.
Inkxaso-mali, ugcino kunye nozinzo: imodeli kaSizewell C
Ukuququzelela uqoqosho lweprojekthi, Urhulumente waseBrithani uphumeze isiseko esilawulwayo (i-RAB) indlela, ehambisa iindleko phakathi kwabathengi, abatyali-mali kunye noRhulumente. Ngokoqikelelo olusemthethweni, umndilili weempembelelo kumatyala ombane wabahlali awusayi kudlula iponti enye ngenyanga ngexesha lokwakha.
Ukonga ixesha elide yenye yeengxabano ezinkulu ngokuthanda u-Sizewell C. Kuqikelelwa ukuba, xa sele usebenza, lo matshini uya kunciphisa iindleko zenkqubo yombane malunga ne-2.000 yeebhiliyoni zeeponti ngonyaka xa kuthelekiswa neminye imithombo yokukhutshwa kombane ophantsi. Iindleko zemveliso ngeyure nganye ye-megawatt ziqikelelwa ukuba zibe phakathi kwe-60 kunye ne-70 yeepounds., isezantsi kakhulu kumndilili wexabiso lezinto ezihlaziyiweyo, elikhomba kwigalelo elibalulekileyo kuzinzo lwentlawulo kunye negrid decarbonization.
Imodeli yokuphumeza ikhuthazwe ngamava afunyenwe kwiiprojekthi zangaphambili ezifana ne-Hinkley Point C, evumela ukongiwa kweendleko ukuya kuma-20% ngenxa yokuphindaphindwa kweenkqubo kunye nobuchwepheshe. Ngaphaya koko, ubume bezemali buxhaswa yimibutho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye neengxowa-mali zobutyebi obuzimeleyo. ekomeleza ukuqina kwesithembiso.
Umbono wezopolitiko kunye nefuthe layo kuqoqosho lwaseBritane
Ukuzalwa ngokutsha kokubheja kwenyukliya Iye yanandipha inkxaso yabantu abanempembelelo kwizopolitiko zaseBritani. Owayesakuba yiNkulumbuso uTony Blair, kwingxelo, sele elindele isidingo sokuhamba ngaphaya kweengxoxo zembali kwaye amkele isimo esifanelekileyo kumandla enyukliya, echaza ukuba ukulahla le teknoloji kumashumi eminyaka adlulileyo yayiyimpazamo yeqhinga lokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo.
Urhulumente okhoyo ngoku, okhokelwa nguKeir Starmer kunye no-Ed Miliband ophambili kukhuseleko lwamandla, uye walwela ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukwandisa ukuzimela kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe. U-Chancellor u-Rachel Reeves ugxininise ukubaluleka kuka-Sizewell C ekuthobeni iindleko zokuphila, ekudaleni imisebenzi, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukubonelela okuqhubekayo kwimeko yenguqu eluhlaza.
USimon Bowen, usihlalo weGreat Britain Nuclear, wayigxininisa loo nto Amandla enyukliya abalulekile ukugcina umthwalo osisiseko evumela ukulungelelaniswa kokuphazamiseka kwendalo kwemithombo ehlaziyekayo efana nelanga nomoya. Ngokwembono yezoqoqosho, eli nyathelo likhulisa iindawo ebezisoloko zithwaxwa kukungakhuseleki kwemisebenzi kwaye lomeleza imeko yelizwe yoshishino kubuchwepheshe bamandla obuphambili.
Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kunye nekamva: ukufika kweemodyuli zereactors
Ukongeza ku-Sizewell C, i-UK isungule ishishini elixhasayo ngezinto ezibizwa ngokuba ziimodyuli ezincinci (SMR), ziphathisa inkampani yaseBritane iRolls-Royce ngophuhliso lobu buchwepheshe buphazamisayo. Ezi zixhobo zombane, ukuya kutsho kwi-470 megawatts, zinokwakhiwa ngokukhawuleza nangokuguquguqukayo., ibenza babe nomtsalane ukuncedisana neziseko zophuhliso zemveli.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-SMR kubaluleke kakhulu kumaziko amakhulu edatha kunye neeprojekthi zobuchwepheshe ezinxulumene nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, amacandelo afuna imithombo yamandla eqhubekayo nethembekileyo. Nangona zingekabikho izixhobo zolu hlobo ezisebenzayo e-United Kingdom, okulindelekileyo ngokusemthethweni kukuba ziza kusebenza njengenye indlela eyongezelelekileyo yokudibanisa iziko lombane lesizwe.
Urhulumente ubambelele ekubeni iphulo lenyukliya liza kuqeqesha amawakawaka abantu abaqeqeshiweyo, liqinise ukuzimela kwamandla, kwaye libeke ilizwe njengenkokeli yehlabathi kuzinzo kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwemozulu.
