Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga kuye kwaqhubela phambili kakhulu kwiminyaka yamuva nje ngokuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe obutsha okwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwayo. Phakathi kwezi zisombululo, i iiphaneli zelanga ezijikelezayo Baye bazuza udumo ngenxa yokukwazi ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ngokuhlengahlengisa ukuqhelana kwabo ngokwendawo yelanga.
Iisistim zokulandela umkhondo welanga azipheleli nje ekukhuliseni ukuveliswa kombane kodwa zikwanciphisa inani leepaneli ezifunekayo ukuze kuphunyezwe imveliso efanayo, zizenze zibe yeyona ndlela inomtsalane yofakelo lweendawo zokuhlala nezamashishini. Ngezantsi, sihlolisisa le teknoloji kunye nefuthe layo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwamandla ngokweenkcukacha.
Zisebenza njani iiphaneli zesola ezijikelezayo?
Los iiphaneli zelanga ezineenkqubo zokulandelela Ziyilelwe ukuba zihambe imini yonke, zilandela indlela yelanga esibhakabhakeni kunye nokwandisa ukubanjwa kwemitha yelanga. Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili:
- Iinkqubo zomgca omnye: Zivumela iipaneli ukuba zihambe ngenqwelomoya enye, ngokuthe tye okanye ngokuthe nkqo.
- Iinkqubo ze-axis ezimbini: Bahlengahlengisa indawo yabo kwiindiza ezimbini, ukubonelela ngolungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo kunye nelanga kunye nokwandisa amandla okusebenza.
Enye yezona ndlela zintsha kule nkalo yile iphuhliswe yi IYunivesithi yaseMauritius, edale isixhobo esiphathwayo, esifikelelekayo, kunye nesizimeleyo sokulandelela ilanga, esinobunzima be-5,6 kg kwaye sixabisa malunga ne-200 yeedola ukwenza. Esi sisombululo, sisekelwe kwiinzwa zokukhanya kwaye zilawulwa yikhadi Arduino, ivumela iiyure ezili-12 zokutshiswa lilanga ngosuku.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nendlela yokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle xa ufaka iipaneli zelanga, unokujonga inqaku Ungakufumana njani okuninzi kufakelo lwakho lwepaneli yelanga.
Izibonelelo zeetraki zelanga
Ukwamkela iipaneli zelanga zokulandela umkhondo kuneengenelo ezininzi eziphambili:
- Ukonelisa amandla ngakumbi: Iitraki zinokunyusa imveliso yombane ngama-25 ukuya kuma-45% xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo ezimiselweyo.
- Ukulungiselela isithuba: Ngokuvelisa amandla amaninzi kunye neepaneli ezimbalwa, indawo engaphezulu efunekayo yokufakela iyancitshiswa.
- Ukuziqhelanisa neendawo ezahlukeneyo: Iisistim ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu zinokulungelelaniswa ngokweemeko zemo engqongileyo nezejografi.
- Inzuzo engcono: Nangona ixabiso lokuqala liphezulu, utyalo-mali luzihlawulela ngokwandiswa kokuveliswa kwamandla.
Ukuqhubela phambili kobuchwepheshe obunje iitraki zelanga igalelo ekuphuculeni uzinzo kwimveliso yamandla.
Izinto ezintsha zamva nje kwitekhnoloji yokulandela umkhondo welanga
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando oluninzi luye lwaqhuba ukuvela kobu buchwepheshe. Umzekelo:
- Ukulandela umkhondo we-Bifacial: Ibamba i-radiation ebonakaliswe emhlabeni, inyusa ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle.
- Iindlela zokhuseleko ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu: Ezinye iinkqubo zilungelelanisa ukuthambeka kweepaneli kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo njengesichotho ukunciphisa umonakalo.
- Iitraki zelanga ezinobukrelekrele bokwenziwa: Bavumela uhlalutyo olusebenzayo lweemeko zemozulu kunye nokulungelelaniswa kokuqhelaniswa ngexesha langempela.
Inkqubela phambili kwi iinkqubo zokugcina amandla, njengeebhetri ze-lithium kunye ne-supercapacitors, iphinda incedise le teknoloji, iququzelele ukusetyenziswa kwamandla awenziwe ngexesha leeyure zemitha ephantsi.
Ukongeza, umdla kwi iifama zelanga inyuka njengendlela yokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo ekhoyo ngelixa ivelisa ngokufanelekileyo amandla ahlaziyekayo.
Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye nozinzo
Ukulandelela ilanga akuphuculi kuphela imveliso yamandla, kodwa kunenzuzo yokusingqongileyo:
- Ukunciphisa unyawo lwekhabhoni: Umbane omninzi uveliswa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwandisa indawo engaphezulu yeepaki zelanga.
- Imfuneko encinci yokugcina amandla: Imveliso ilungiselelwe iiyure ezininzi ngosuku, ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwiibhetri.
- Ubomi bephaneli obude: Ngokuphepha ukugqithisa kunye nokuphucula ulawulo lobushushu, ukusebenza kakuhle kweemodyuli kuthatha ixesha elide.
Ikamva lokulandelela ilanga
Iinkampani ezifana I-STI Norland y Isoltec Baye baphuhlisa i-solar trackers kunye nezakhiwo ezintsha zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa iindleko. Ngokunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhaphukhaphu kunye nezizinzileyo ezifana ne-aluminiyam yenze ukuba kube lula ukwenza izinto ezifikelelekayo nezisebenzayo.
Njengoko amandla elanga ezuza ukugqwesa kwinguqu yamandla, iinkqubo zokulandela umkhondo ziya kuqhubeka zivela. Ukudibanisa kunye iinethiwekhi smart kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe Uhlalutyo lwedatha Ngobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, baya kuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwabo, bedibanisa obu bugcisa njengenye yezona zinto zisebenza kakuhle kwicandelo lamandla ahlaziyekayo.
