El umthetho wenyukliya kunye nezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe Imithetho eyixhasayo yenza uhlobo lwesakhelo somthetho esithuleyo kodwa esibalulekileyo: ngaphandle kwabo, akunakufane kwenzeke ukusebenzisa amandla enyukliya ngokukhuselekileyo, ngoxolo, nangolungelelwaniso oluncinane phakathi kwamazwe. Nangona maxa wambi kubonakala ngathi lihlabathi eligcinelwe amagcisa noonozakuzaku, emva kwayo kukho imigaqo engqalileyo ephathelele indlela amaziko asebenza ngayo amandla enyukliya afanele asebenze ngayo, ngubani onoxanduva kwimeko yengozi, noluphi ulawulo olukhoyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukwanda kwezixhobo.
Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje a uthungelwano lwezivumelwano, iiprothokholi kunye nezivumelwano eqala kwi ukhuseleko olubonakalayo lwezixhobo zenyukliya Oku kubandakanya yonke into ukusuka kwimbuyekezo yemali yomonakalo ukuya kukhuseleko lwezibonelelo kunye nokungabhengezwa. Imibutho efana ne-IAEA, i-NEA, kunye ne-Euratom ngabona badlala indima ephambili kwesi sikhokelo sobume behlabathi, esikwahlala kunye nomthetho wasekhaya kunye nendaleko yobuchwepheshe bezityalo zamandla enyukliya ngoku ezisebenza ngaphaya kweminyaka engama-30 okanye engama-40 ebikade ijongwa njengesiqhelo.
Yintoni umthetho wenyukliya kwaye kutheni ufuna izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe
Xa sithetha ngomthetho wenyukliya, sibhekisa kuwo isethi yemithetho elawula ukusetyenziswa ngoxolo Amandla eNyukliya: indlela eyilwe kwaye isetyenziswe ngayo iziko lombane, ngawaphi amanqanaba okhuseleko afunekayo, inkunkuma ilawulwa njani, loluphi ulawulo oluthintela ukuphambukiswa kusetyenziso lomkhosi, kwaye ngubani ohlawulela umonakalo kwimeko yengozi. Ngenxa yobume bamandla enyukliya, akukho mbuso mnye unokuwalawula ngokufanelekileyo ngokwawo.
Imingcipheko yeradiyoloji Bawela imida ngaphandle kokucela imvumeUrhwebo ngamafutha kunye nezixhobo lwenziwa kwihlabathi jikelele, kwaye ukunganatyiswa kwezixhobo zenyukliya kunengqiqo kuphela xa kuququzelelwa kumazwe ngamazwe. Ngenxa yoko, uthungelwano lwezivumelwano luye lwamiselwa olumisela imigangatho efanayo yaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, lubeka izibophelelo ezingqalileyo kumazwe azisayinayo.
Lo mthetho wenyukliya wamazwe ngamazwe wakhiwe malunga nemibutho emininzi ebalulekileyo: i I-Arhente yaMandla eAthom yaMazwe ngaMazwe (IAEA) kunye ne-OECD's Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) kwinqanaba lehlabathi, kwaye, kwinqanaba laseYurophu, i-European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom). Nganye ikhuthaza kwaye ilawule izixhobo zayo ezisemthethweni, kodwa ingqiqo esisiseko kwabelwana ngayo: ukungqamanisa imithetho kunye nokomeleza isiqinisekiso somthetho kunye nobuchwephesha kuwo wonke umjikelo wenyukliya.
Kuloo mongo, ingcamango yakudala "yobomi obusebenzisekayo" besixhobo sombane-eyathi iminyaka yayinxulunyaniswa ngokuzenzekelayo ixesha elingaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40- woyisiwe. Namhlanje, amazwe amaninzi, eYurophu naseUnited States, agunyazisa oko kwaziwa njengokusebenza kwexesha elide okanye Ukusebenza kwexesha elide (LTO)ukuvumela izibonelelo ezakhiwe ngaphezu kwamashumi amathathu eminyaka eyadlulayo ukuba ziqhubeke nokusebenza phantsi kwenkqubo enyanzelisa ukhuseleko.
Olu tshintsho kwimbono lunyanzelise uphononongo, ukutolikwa ngokutsha, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha uhlengahlengiso kumthetho wenyukliya wangoku, ukuze oorhulumente bokhuseleko, uxanduva loluntu kunye nolawulo lolawulo zihlala zisebenza naxa oomatshini bombane begqithise kakhulu ixesha ebebecelelwe lona ekuqaleni.
Indima ye-IAEA kwizivumelwano zomthetho wenyukliya
I-IAEA, ngokusebenza, i undoqo womthetho wenyukliya wamazwe ngamazwePhantsi koncedo lwayo, ezinye zezona zixhobo zomthetho zibalulekileyo kuye kwathethwa-thethwana ngazo, ukusuka kwizivumelwano zokhuseleko ukuya kwizivumelwano zobutyala boluntu. UMbutho awusebenzi nje kuphela njengeqonga lezozakuzo, kodwa kwakhona njengendawo yokugcina izinto ezininzi zezi zivumelwano nanjengomqinisekisi womsebenzi wazo wemihla ngemihla.
Izivumelwano ezinxulumene nomsebenzi we-IAEA zibandakanya uluhlu olupheleleyo lwemiba efanelekileyo: umbutho wangaphakathi woMbuthoUkhuseleko lobuchwephesha kunye nolwakhiwo lwamaziko, izikhuselo kunye nolawulo lokungabhebhetheki, kunye neenkqubo zoxanduva loluntu kumonakalo wenyukliya. Ukuzilawula, i-IAEA ibahlela ngokweendidi ezintathu eziphambili, ngokusekelwe kubudlelwane babo obusemthethweni kunye nabo.
Iindidi zezivumelwano ezinxulumene ne-IAEA
Iqela lokuqala elikhulu ngaba izivumelwano phantsi kwe-IAEAEzi zizivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe athi amazwe angamalungu athethathethane aze agqibe ngokwesakhelo se-Arhente, ngenkxaso yoBubhalane bayo, nalapho uMlawuli Jikelele esebenza njengomgcini-mali osemthethweni. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-IAEA ibambe imibhalo eyiyo, ifumana izixhobo zokuvunywa, ukwamkelwa, okanye ukwamkelwa, kwaye yazisa amazwe kunye neZizwe eziManyeneyo ngobume obusemthethweni bomnqophiso ngamnye.
Kule phakheji sifumana izivumelwano ezisisiseko ezifana ne INgqungquthela yoKhuseleko lweNyukliyaOku kuquka iNgqungquthela yoKhuseleko ngokwaseMpalweni kweMathiriyeli yeNyukliya kunye noLungiso lwaso, emisela izibophelelo malunga noyilo, ukwakhiwa, ukusebenza, kunye nokuphelisa ugunyaziso lwezibonelelo, kunye neNkomfa yoKhuseleko ngokwaseMpalweni kweMathiriyeli yeNyukliya kunye noLungiso lwaso, ebeka ubuncinane beemfuno zokuthintela ubusela, ukonakalisa, okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwezixhobo zenyukliya. Kwakhona kuqukwe apha ziingqungquthela ezahlukeneyo malunga noxanduva loluntu ngomonakalo wenyukliya, ezixoxwe ngokweenkcukacha kamva.
Iqela lesibini liqulathe i izivumelwano apho i-IAEA iyinxalenye yazoKule meko, i-Arhente isebenza njengesihloko somthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kwaye ingena kwizivumelwano kunye namazwe athile okanye eminye imibutho. Ezi zivumelwano zinika ilungelo kunye nezibophelelo ezithe ngqo. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya iSivumelwano seKomkhulu ne-Austria, esilawula ubume be-IAEA eVienna, kunye neSivumelwano soBudlelwane phakathi kweZizwe eziManyeneyo kunye ne-IAEA, esichaza ubudlelwane bazo beziko.
Olu didi lukwabandakanya i izivumelwano zokukhuselaevumela i-IAEA ukuba iqinisekise ukuba imathiriyeli yenyukliya kunye nemisebenzi ebhengezwe ngamaZwe aziphambukiswanga kwiinjongo zoxolo, kunye nezivumelwano ezininzi zentsebenziswano yobuchwephesha ezithi zitshayele uncedo kuphuhliso lweenkqubo ezikhuselekileyo zenyukliya yoluntu.
Iqela lesithathu liquka okubizwa ngokuba izivumelwano ezinxulumene ne-IAEAEzi zizivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe ezingazange zigqitywe phantsi kwenkxaso yayo okanye ngokuthatha inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo njengeqela, kodwa ezihambelana ngokupheleleyo nesigunyaziso salo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi zivumelwano zinika ukuqinisekiswa okuthe ngqo okanye imisebenzi yenkxaso yobugcisa. Owona mzekelo umelweyo siSivumelwano sokuNxibelela iziXhobo zeNyukliya (i-NPT), kunye nezivumelwano ezahlukeneyo zokungaxhatshazwa kweengingqi nazo eziwela kumda womsebenzi we-Arhente.
Uxanduva loluntu ngomonakalo wenyukliya kunye neqela le-INLEX
Enye yezona ndawo zinovakalelo kumthetho wenyukliya yileyo inxulumene ne uxanduva lomonakalo wenyukliyaAmava ngeengozi ezinkulu abonise ukuba, ngaphandle kwesakhelo esicacileyo nesiqikelelwayo, amaxhoba kunye nabaqhubi basebenza kwindawo engaqinisekanga kakhulu. Ukuthintela oku, kuye kwasekwa izivumelwano ezininzi zamazwe ngamazwe ezimisela ukuba ngubani ohlawulayo, yimalini, kwaye phantsi kweziphi iimeko.
ICandelo loMthetho weNyukliya kunye neSivumelwano se-IAEA linoxanduva oluphambili lwezixhobo eziphuhliswe phantsi kwenkxaso yalo kulo mmandla. Ezi ziquka oku kulandelayo: INgqungquthela yaseVienna kuTyala loLuntu kuMonakalo weNyukliya, omisela ulawulo olusekelwe kwimfanelo engqongqo yomqhubi wofakelo, iProtokholi eqhelekileyo enxulumene neSicelo seSivumelwano saseVienna kunye neNgqungquthela yaseParis, edibanisa iinkqubo ezimbini zengingqi ezihlukeneyo, kunye neProtocol yokuLungisa iNgqungquthela yaseVienna, ehlaziya imida kunye neemeko.
Ezi zixhobo zongezwa kwi INgqungquthela yeMbuyekezo eyoNgezelelweyo ngomonakalo weNyukliya, eyilelwe ukuseka indlela yembuyekezo eyongezelelweyo exhaswa ngemali ngamaQela, ukuze ubutyebi obukhoyo bezoqoqosho buqiniswe xa ubungakanani bomonakalo budlula umda ogutyungelwe kumgangatho wesizwe.
Kulo mxholo, iCandelo loMthetho weNyukliya kunye neSivumelwano likwalawula iButho looNobhala be IQela leeNgcali zaMazwe ngaMazwe kuTyala lomonakalo weNyukliya (INLEX)Yayilwa ngo-2003 nguMlawuli Jikelele we-IAEA, eli qela licebisa malunga nokutolikwa kweengqungquthela, likhuthaza ukungena kwazo, kwaye linceda amazwe alungelelanise imithetho yawo yasekhaya ukuze ihambelane nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngombulelo kumsebenzi we-INLEX kunye ne-IAEA, inkqubela yenziwe kwi ulungelelwaniso olusebenzayo lwemithetho yetyalaukunciphisa izikhewu kunye nokugqithelana phakathi kweenkqubo kunye nokunika izisombululo kwiimeko ezinzima, ezifana neengozi ezineziphumo ezinqamlezayo okanye amabango achaphazela i-States eziliqela ezahlukeneyo.
Imibutho ye-Supranational: IAEA, i-NEA kunye ne-Euratom
Uninzi lusebenza ngaphezulu kwelizwe. imibutho ekhethekileyo ye-supranational ezenza umqolo wesikhokelo somthetho samandla enyukliya. Kwinqanaba lehlabathi, i-IAEA kunye ne-OECD's Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) zigqamile, ngelixa eYurophu umbindi we-Euratom. Bonke babelana ngophawu olufanayo lokusekelwe kwizivumelwano ezibophelela kumalungu abo.
Le mibutho ikhuthaze, kwiminyaka edlulileyo, uluhlu olubanzi lwezivumelwano kunye nemigangatho ukuba Babeka emgangathweni isakhelo esisemthethweni sezixhobo zenyukliya kumazwe ahlukeneyo angamaLungu. Injongo kukuphepha iiyantlukwano ezinkulu zolawulo ezinokuchaphazela ukhuseleko okanye zidale ukugqwetheka kurhwebo lwezixhobo zenyukliya kunye nobuchwepheshe.
Esinye isixhobo esifanelekileyo sesi INgqungquthela yoKhuseleko lweNyukliya, eyamkelwa phantsi kwe-IAEA ngo-1994. Le ngqungquthela ayiphelelanga ekubhengezeni imigaqo, kodwa iya kulawulo lwekhonkrithi yazo zonke izigaba zomjikelo wobomi bofakelo: ukuyila, ukwakhiwa, ukugunyaziswa, ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo, ukugcinwa, ukuvalwa kokugqibela kunye nokudilizwa.
Endaweni yokumisela inani eliqinileyo leminyaka kubomi obuluncedo bomzi-mveliso wamandla, iNdibano igxile kwi indlela yokhuseleko kunye novavanyo lwemeko nganyeNgamaziko olawulo esizwe ekufuneka ahlalutye, ngokwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye namava aqokelelweyo, ukuba ingaba umzi-mveliso wamandla unokuqhubeka nokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphaya kwemihla ethile yethiyori.
Inyani esebenzayo, eUnited States nakumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu anezixhobo zamandla enyukliya ezisebenzayo-ngaphandle kweJamani, eye yakhetha ukuphelisa amandla enyukliya-kukuthiwa umsebenzi wexesha elide uyagunyaziswa okanye Ukusebenza kwexesha elide (LTO). Oku kuthetha ukuba izixhobo zombane ezakhiwe ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 okanye engama-35 eyadlulayo Bayaqhubeka nokusebenza emva kophononongo olupheleleyo lokhuseleko, uqinisekiso lwenkqubo, kunye nohlaziyo lwetekhnoloji.
I-Euratom: ISivumelwano seNyukliya seManyano yaseYurophu
Ngaphakathi kwendawo yaseYurophu, iSivumelwano sokuseka uMbutho waMandla eAthom yaseYurophu, owaziwa ngcono njenge ISivumelwano se-EuratomLilitye lembombo lomthetho wenyukliya. Isayinwe eRoma ngo-1957, kunye nesivumelwano sokuseka i-European Economic Community, yasayinwa okokuqala ngamazwe amathandathu aseka i-European Coal and Steel Community kwaye isasebenza ngokupheleleyo namhlanje.
Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izivumelwano zaseYurophu, i-Euratom Ayikhange ibe phantsi kohlaziyo olukhulu. Igcina ubuntu bayo obusemthethweni, yahlukile kwi-European Union, nangona yabelana ngamaLungu amaLungu afanayo kunye namaziko ayo amaninzi. Kunye neSivumelwano seManyano yaseYurophu (i-TEU) kunye neSivumelwano sokuSebenza kwe-EU (TFEU), siyinxalenye yomthetho osisiseko weManyano.
Umda weSivumelwano se-Euratom ukhawulelwe ngokungqongqo kwi usetyenziso lwamandla enyukliya eluntwini, olungelulo olwasemkhosiniOlu lwahlulo lungundoqo: yonke into enxulumene nokhuselo kunye nezixhobo zenyukliya iwela ngaphandle kwendawo yayo, igxile kuphando, imveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuthula kwamandla e-athomu.
Kwisihloko sayo I, iSivumelwano sidwelisa Amaphulo asibhozo amakhulu aphathiswe uluntuLe mishini iphuhliswa kwiSihlokwana II ngemimiselo ethile. Ziquka ukukhuthaza uphando, ukukhusela impilo, ukukhuthaza utyalo-mali kunye namashishini adibeneyo, ukuqinisekiswa kobonelelo, ukulawula ukusetyenziswa ngoxolo kwezixhobo zenyukliya, ukusebenzisa amalungelo omhlaba kwizinto ezithile ezikhethekileyo zokuqhekeka, ukudala imarike yenyukliya efanayo, kunye nokuseka ubudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe kummandla wenyukliya yoluntu.
Izihloko III kunye IV zilawula amaziko kunye nenkxaso-maliUkususela ngo-1967, i-Euratom yabelane ngamaqumrhu alawulayo kunye ne-EU, nangona ulwahlulo lwamagunya alufani nokusekwa kwizivumelwano zeManyano: iPalamente yaseYurophu, umzekelo, inendima elinganiselweyo kule ndawo, ngokuyinhloko imisebenzi yokucebisa. Ngaphaya koko, i-Arhente yokuBonelela nge-Euratom isekwe njengequmrhu elahlukileyo elinobuntu balo obusemthethweni kunye nokuzimela ngokwasezimalini.
Ngokwembono yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, iindleko zolawulo lwe-Euratom zidityaniswe kwi-a kwabelwana ngohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olunye kunye namanye amaziko e-EU, nangona iinkqubo ze-R&D ezixhaswa ngemali ngesiseko seSivumelwano se-Euratom zigcina umgca wohlahlo lwabiwo-mali owahlukileyo ukubonisa ubuchwephesha kunye nezomthetho.
Esi siVumelwano sikwabandakanya izihlomelo ezininzi ezichaza iinkalo ezibalulekileyo zemathiriyeli. Ezi iinkcukacha, umzekelo, i icandelo lophando elinxulumene namandla enyukliya ekubhekiselwe kuwo kwiSiqendu 4, amacandelo oshishino afanelekileyo kwiSiqendu 41, iinzuzo ezisebenzayo kwizivumelwano ezidityanelweyo phantsi kweSiqendu 48, uluhlu lweempahla neemveliso ezigutyungelwe sisahluko esiphathelele kwimarike yenyukliya kunye nenkqubo yangaphambili yophando nenkqubo yokufundisa ebonelelwe kwiSiqendu 215, ngoku erhoxisiweyo.
Ezi zihlomelo, nangona ngamanye amaxesha zingahoywa, ziyasebenza ukusebenza kwezibonelelo jikelele yeSivumelwano kunye nokubonelela ngemephu eneenkcukacha ezichanekileyo zemisebenzi kunye namacandelo awela phantsi kwesambulela se-Euratom ngexesha lokusayinwa kwayo, ngokuqhubekayo iqhelanisa nendaleko yetekhnoloji kunye nolawulo.
Iinjongo eziphambili zeSivumelwano se-Euratom
Phakathi kwemishini eyabelwe i-Euratom, okokuqala nokuphambili, ukukhuthazwa kwe uphando kunye nentsebenziswano yenzululwazi kwintsimi yenyukliya. ISivumelwano sibonelela ngokudalwa kweZiko loPhando eliDityanisiweyo kwaye likhuthaza ukutshintshiselana ngolwazi lobugcisa, ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuqhubela phambili kwabelwana phakathi kwaMazwe angamaLungu kwaye akuhlali bodwa.
Omnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo kukusekwa kunye nokuphunyezwa kwe imigangatho yokhuselo lwemitha Iiyunifomu zokukhusela impilo yabemi kunye nabasebenzi abasesichengeni. Lo msebenzi uye wagqiba ekumiseni imida yethamo, iimfuno zokubeka iliso ngemitha, kunye neendlela zokhuseleko kuyilo nokusebenza kwezibonelelo ngaphakathi kwe-EU.
ISivumelwano sikwajongene ukuququzelela utyalo-mali okuyimfuneko kuphuhliso lwamandla enyukliya, ukukhuthaza ukuyilwa kwamaphulo entsebenziswano kunye nokusekwa kwezibonelelo ezisisiseko. Oku kuguqulela kwisakhelo esilungileyo seeprojekthi zophando ekwabelwana ngazo, iziseko zophuhliso lomjikelo wamafutha, kunye namaziko oqeqesho oluphambili.
Into ephambili ngumgaqo-nkqubo ofanayo we ukubonelela ngeeminerali kunye namafutha e-radioactiveOku kujolise ekuqinisekiseni unikezelo oluqhelekileyo nolulinganayo kubo bonke abasebenzisi kuluntu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Arhente ye-Euratom Supply yadalwa, eyongamela izivumelwano zokubonelela kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba akukho lucalucalulo olungafanelekanga phakathi kwaMazwe angamaLungu.
Ngaphaya koko, i-Euratom iphathiswe umsebenzi wokuba ukulawula ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo nangokunoxolo kwezixhobo zenyukliyaInkqubo yayo yokhuseleko, exhaswa liqumrhu layo labahloli, ivumela ubalo-mali kunye nokuhlolwa okubonakalayo ukuba kuqhutywe kuzo zonke izibonelelo zenyukliya kuluntu, ngenjongo yokuthintela naluphi na uphambuko olubhekiselele kwiinkqubo zomkhosi.
Ubume beziko kunye nezihlomelo zeSivumelwano se-Euratom
Kwinqanaba leziko, i-Euratom yabelane, ukususela kwiSivumelwano soMdibaniselwano we-1967, i amaqumrhu alawulayo kunye neManyano yaseYurophukodwa ngolwabiwo lwamagunya olwahlukileyo. Kwinkalo yenyukliya, iPalamente yaseYurophu ayiwasebenzisi amandla okwenza izigqibo ngokubambisana kwezinye iindawo, indima yayo incitshiswa kakhulu ekukhupheni izimvo kunye nolawulo lwezopolitiko olungathanga ngqo.
I-Euratom Supply Agency iqwalaselwe njenge iqumrhu elithile elinobuntu balo obusemthethweni kunye nokuzimela kwezemali, kuxhomekeke kulawulo lweKhomishini yaseYurophu. Indima yayo isembindini womgaqo-nkqubo wobonelelo ngenyukliya nokuqinisekisa ukungafihli kunye nobulungisa ekufikeleleni kwimathiriyeli ekrwada ebalulekileyo.
Ngokwembono yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, iindleko zolawulo lwe-Euratom zidityaniswe kwi-a kwabelwana ngohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olunye kunye namanye amaziko e-EU, nangona iinkqubo ze-R&D ezixhaswa ngemali ngesiseko seSivumelwano se-Euratom zigcina umgca wohlahlo lwabiwo-mali owahlukileyo ukubonisa ubuchwephesha kunye nezomthetho.
Esi siVumelwano sikwabandakanya izihlomelo ezininzi ezichaza iinkalo ezibalulekileyo zemathiriyeli. Ezi iinkcukacha, umzekelo, i icandelo lophando elinxulumene namandla enyukliya ekubhekiselwe kuwo kwiSiqendu 4, amacandelo oshishino afanelekileyo kwiSiqendu 41, iinzuzo ezisebenzayo kwizivumelwano ezidityanelweyo phantsi kweSiqendu 48, uluhlu lweempahla neemveliso ezigutyungelwe sisahluko esiphathelele kwimarike yenyukliya kunye nenkqubo yangaphambili yophando nenkqubo yokufundisa ebonelelwe kwiSiqendu 215, ngoku erhoxisiweyo.
Ezi zihlomelo, nangona ngamanye amaxesha zingahoywa, ziyasebenza ukusebenza kwezibonelelo jikelele yeSivumelwano kunye nokubonelela ngemephu eneenkcukacha ezichanekileyo zemisebenzi kunye namacandelo awela phantsi kwesambulela se-Euratom ngexesha lokusayinwa kwayo, ngokuqhubekayo iqhelanisa nendaleko yetekhnoloji kunye nolawulo.
IKomiti yoMthetho weNyukliya (NLC) kunye nolungelelwaniso lolawulo
Ecaleni kothungelwano lwezivumelwano kunye nemibutho, umsebenzi wemibutho yobugcisa efana ne IKomiti yoMthetho weNyukliya (NLC), edityaniswe ne-NEA. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukudala kunye nokudityaniswa kweenkqubo-sikhokelo zomthetho, kuzwelonke nakwihlabathi jikelele, ezinzileyo, ezihambelanayo nezihambelanayo nokusetyenziswa kwamandla enyukliya ngoxolo.
I-NLC igxile ekukhuthazeni i ukwenziwa kwangoku kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwemithetho yenyukliya amazwe ahlukeneyo, ukuze imithetho yawo yasekhaya ibonise ngokwaneleyo izibophelelo ezenziwe kwizivumelwano ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe. Oku kubandakanya yonke into ukusuka kulawulo lwetyala loluntu ukuya kukhuseleko lwezibonelelo, ukuthuthwa kwezinto ezinemitha, kunye nolawulo lwenkunkuma.
Ukongeza kwindima yayo yokulawula, iKomiti ijolise ekusebenzeni njenge ireferensi kulwazi noqeqesho kumthetho wenyukliya, ukuququzelela ukutshintshiselana ngamava phakathi kwabasemagunyeni olawulo, amasebe, iinkampani ezisebenzayo, kunye neengcali zemfundo. Le ndima yemfundo ingundoqo ekunciphiseni izithuba zolwazi phakathi kwamazwe anesithethe eside senyukliya kunye namanye aqala iinkqubo zoluntu.
Enyanisweni, umsebenzi we-NLC uncedisana kwaye womeleza izikhokelo ezenziwe yi-IAEA kunye nezivumelwano ezifana ne-Euratom, inceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba i-mosaic yomthetho yamazwe ngamazwe ayiqhekeki ibe yimithetho engavumelaniyo, kodwa ihambela phambili. ukuhlangana okuthile kwemigangatho.
Yonke le nkqubo yolawulo lwendalo-izivumelwano zamazwe amaninzi, izivumelwano ezithile, imibutho ekhethekileyo, kunye neekomiti zeengcali-zibandakanya isakhelo somthetho esishinyeneyo samandla enyukliya yoluntuNdiyabulela kuyo, ukusebenza kwexesha elide lezityalo zamandla, ukukhuselwa kwiingozi, uxanduva lomonakalo kunye nokunganyanzeliswa kwezixhobo zifumana indawo efanayo apho i-States inokubambisana, ihlalise uxanduva kunye nokuqinisa iinkqubo zabo zangaphakathi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngumbono wehlabathi jikelele weengozi kunye neenzuzo ezibandakanyekayo.
