Ngelixa amagama asetyenziswa kwakhona kunye nokuphinda asetyenziswe ehlala esetyenziswa ngokutshintshanayo, kubalulekile ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini. Ukurisayikilisha kubandakanya ukwahlula imveliso ibe ziinxalenye zayo ezisisiseko ukwenza iimveliso ezintsha, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kubandakanya ukusebenzisa into enye ngeenjongo ezintsha. Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza uthini umahluko phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwakhona kunye nokurisayikilisha kwaye kutheni zombini iikhonsepthi zingundoqo kuzinzo.
Kweli nqaku siza kuchaza le yantlukwano ngobunzulu kunye nendlela ezinokuchaphazela ngayo okusingqongileyo, ngokusekelwe kulwazi oluhlaziyiweyo.
Umahluko phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwakhona kunye nokurisayikilisha
Ukurisayikilishwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona ziindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kodwa ezihambelanayo zokulwa nokuchithwa kwezinto, nangona impikiswano malunga nokuba loluphi uqheliselo olusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kokusingqongileyo isavulekile.
Ukurisayikilisha ibandakanya inkqubo yoshishino. Ibandakanya ukuqokelela, ukuhlelwa kunye nokuguqula inkunkuma ibe yimathiriyeli entsha ekrwada ukwenza iimveliso ezahlukileyo kwezo zakuqala. Umzekelo, ukurisayikilisha ibhotile yeplastiki kunokuyijika ibe yimicu yempahla. Kwezona meko zilungileyo, ukurisayikilisha isiphaluka esivaliweyo iguqula iimveliso zibe ziinguqulelo ezifanayo, njengaxa iglasi ephinda isetyenzisiwe isetyenziselwa ukwenza iglasi eninzi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sebenzisa kwakhona, ithathwa njengesicwangciso esilungele ukusingqongileyo, iquka ukuthatha inzuzo yemveliso ngaphandle kokuyithobela kwinkqubo yoshishino ebandakanya iindleko ezinkulu zamandla. Ukusebenzisa kwakhona ingqayi yeglasi njengesitya sokugcina ngumzekelo ocacileyo.
Kwinqanaba lokusingqongileyo, umahluko ukwinto yokuba ukurisayikilisha kudla amandla amaninzi kunokusebenzisa kwakhona. Izinto zokuthutha kwizityalo zokuhlaziya kunye nenkqubo yokuguqulwa idinga amandla, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto kufuna kuphela ubuchule kunye nohlengahlengiso oluncinci ukubanika ubomi besibini.
Ukusebenza kwamanyathelo okuhlaziya
Ukurisayikilisha sisixhobo esinamandla xa silawulwa ngokuchanekileyo, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo kuyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwimigaqo-nkqubo yommandla nokuzibophelela. Ukujonga idatha ye-Eurostat ukusuka kwi-2016, I-Sweden iphinde yasebenzisa kwakhona phantse i-50% yenkunkuma yayo, ngelixa i-Romania ayizange ifikelele kwi-13%. Lo mahluko ubonisa ukuba impumelelo yokurisayikilisha ixhomekeke kwiziseko ezingundoqo kunye nemimiselo yendawo nganye.
Uhlobo lwezixhobo lukwachaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle. Umzekelo, ukurisayikilisha ialuminiyam yonga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90% yamandla efunekayo ukuvelisa i-aluminiyam entsha, ngeli lixa ukurisayikilishwa kweglasi kugcina kuphela i-20%, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ezinye imathiriyeli ibe luncedo ngakumbi ukurisayikilishwa kunezinye.
Nangona kunjalo, sebenzisa kwakhona Ihlala yenye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kwixesha elifutshane. Ukusebenzisa iimveliso ezifana neentambo ezindala ixesha elide, endaweni yokuzitshabalalisa ukuze zisetyenziswe ngokutsha, kunokunqanda inkunkuma eninzi kunye nongcoliseko olungeyomfuneko.
Yintoni ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwaye zeziphi iingenelo zako?
Ukusebenzisa kwakhona kubandakanya ukufumana usetyenziso olutsha kwiimveliso esele zisetyenzisiwe. Oku kunokwenzeka ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuguqula, ukwandisa ubomi babo obuluncedo kunye nokuphepha ukuveliswa kwenkunkuma. Umzekelo, ungasebenzisa kwakhona ijagi ekhrimu njengesibambi sepensile, egwema ukuthenga entsha kunye nokunciphisa imfuno yeemveliso ezintsha.
Ukongeza kwimpembelelo yayo ephantsi yokusingqongileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kune iinzuzo zoqoqosho. Ngokunciphisa imfuno yokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, imfuno yemathiriyeli entsha iyancipha. Oku ke, kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwimithombo yendalo kwaye kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye namanzi ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha.
Iingenelo zokuphinda usebenzise faka:
- Ukuncitshiswa kwenkunkuma ephelela kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla asezantsi ngokunqanda ukwenziwa kweemveliso ezintsha.
- Ukuphucula ubuchule bokuyila ngokufumana iindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa iimveliso ezindala.
Yintoni ukurisayikilishwa kunye neenzuzo zayo
Ukurisayikilishwa kwakhona, ngokungafaniyo nokusetyenziswa kwakhona, kufuna iinkqubo zamashishini. Imalunga nokuguqula izinto ezilahliweyo zibe yimathiriyeli ekrwada ukwenza iimveliso ezintsha. Iphepha, iglasi, iplastiki, kunye neentsimbi yimizekelo yemathiriyeli ehlaziywa ngokubanzi. Ngokurisayikilishwa, unciphisa isidingo sokukhupha imathiriyeli entsha ekrwada, ethi yona igcine ubutyebi bendalo kwaye inciphise ungcoliseko.
Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zokurisayikilisha kukuba kunciphisa ubungakanani benkunkuma eziphelela kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma. Oku akwaneli nje ixesha elide lezo ndawo zokulahla inkunkuma, kodwa kukwanceda nokunciphisa iingxaki ezinxulumeneyo ezifana nokungcoliseka komhlaba namanzi.
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, amaziko okuhlaziya aphucule ukusebenza kwawo kakuhle, ukonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa iindleko kwiimeko ezininzi. Umzekelo, kwezinye iindawo, amaziko okurisayikilisha Banikezela ngenkuthazo yezoqoqosho kwabo banikela ngezixhobo ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, nto leyo ekhuthaza intatho-nxaxheba enkulu yabemi kwezi nkqubo.
Ukurisayikilishwa kwakhona kusisixhobo esiphambili kwinguqu esingise a Uqoqosho olujikelezayo, apho iimveliso ziphinda zisetyenziswe kwaye zisetyenziswe kwakhona endaweni yokuba zilahlwe, ukukhuthaza ulawulo oluzinzileyo lwezixhobo ezinqongopheleyo.
Ngokuqonda ngcono ukurisayikilishwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona, siyakwazi ukwenza ngcono izigqibo ezizinzileyo ezizuzisa kokusingqongileyo kunye noqoqosho lwengingqi. Ukuphumeza zombini izenzo akuncedi kuphela ukugcina imithombo yendalo, kodwa kubonelela ngeenzuzo zexesha elide lezoqoqosho nezentlalo.