Ngokunyuka kweemoto zombane kunye notshintsho olubhekiselele ekushukumeni okuzinzileyo, amagama afana EV, I-BEV, PHEV, EREV y FCEV ibe yinxalenye yesigama semihla ngemihla kubaqhubi abaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zifinyezo zinokubhidanisa, ngakumbi abo bangena kwihlabathi leenqwelo zombane okokuqala. Kweli nqaku, siza kucazulula nganye yezi akhronimi ngokweenkcukacha ukuze uziqonde ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuba ucinga ngokuthenga i-hybrid okanye imoto yombane, okanye ufuna nje ukuqonda ngcono iindlela ezintsha zokuhamba ezinikezelwa yimarike, esi sikhokelo siya kuba luncedo olukhulu kuwe. Kweli nqaku siza kukubonisa ukuba zithetha ntoni ezi akhronimi kwaye zinxulumana njani nobuchwepheshe obusetyenziswa kwizithuthi zanamhlanje.
I-EV kunye ne-BEV: Izithuthi zoMbane zeBattery
Ngokubanzi EV (Isithuthi soMbane) kunye I-BEV (Imoto yoMbane yebhetri) bhekisa kwizithuthi zombane ezisulungekileyo. Ezi moto zisebenza kuphela zisebenzisa iimotor enye okanye ngaphezulu zombane ezifumana amandla azo a ibhetri enokwakhiwa kwakhona. Ekubeni ingenayo injini yokutsha, ayenzi izinto ezikhutshwayo ezingcolisayo.
Los EV o I-BEV Kufuneka zitshajwe ngokutsha ngokuziqhagamshela kuthungelwano lombane, nokuba kusekhaya, kwiindawo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke okanye kwizikhululo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Ezinye iimodeli ezidumileyo kolu didi ziquka Model Tesla 3, i Nissan Leaf kunye Itraki Ioniq 5. Ukongeza, ezi zithuthi zihlala zonwabela ibheji yokusingqongileyo Unothi ukusuka kwi-DGT, ebanika ukufikelela kwiinzuzo ezininzi ezixekweni.
HEV: Non-Plag-In Hybrid Vehicles
Ixesha KUNYE (Isithuthi soMbane seHybrid) ibhekisa kwiimoto eziqhelekileyo ezixubeneyo ezidibanisa a injini yokutshisa yangaphakathi (idla ngepetroli) enenjini yombane. Ezi zithuthi akufuneki ziplagwe, njengoko iibhetri zazo zitshajwa kwakhona kusetyenziswa amandla afunyenwe ngexesha isiqhoboshi okanye ngoncedo lwe-injini yokutsha.
Los KUNYE ume ngaphandle kwabo ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwamafutha kwaye zilungele abo bafuna inguqu phakathi kweemoto zokutsha zemveli kunye nezombane. Phakathi kweemodeli ezaziwa kakhulu zi Toyota Prius kunye Kia Sportage HEV. Ezi zithuthi zidla ngokuba neleyibhile ECO ye-DGT.
I-PHEV: I-Plag-in Hybrid Vehicles
Los PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) yimixube ebandakanya a ibhetri ephezulu enokuthi ihlaziywe ngokuyidibanisa kwigridi yombane. Oku kuvumela ukuba bajikeleze kwimodi yombane ye-100% ngexesha uhambo olude, ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-40 kunye ne-60 yeekhilomitha, ngokuxhomekeke kwimodeli.
Olu seto lwenza i PHEV dibanisa iingenelo zezithuthi zombane kunye ne ukuzimela okwandisiweyo enikelwe yinjini yakho yokutsha. Eminye imizekelo ephawulekayo yile IMitsubishi Outlander PHEV kunye Hyundai Tucson PHEV.
I-EREV: Izithuthi zoMbane ezongeziweyo
Los EREV (Imoto yoMbane eyandisiweyo) azixhaphakanga kwimarike. Ezi zithuthi zisebenza ikakhulu kwi yombane, kodwa zibandakanya i-injini yokutsha encinci esebenza njengejenereyitha ukutshaja ibhetri xa ikwimigangatho ephantsi. Injini yobushushu ayisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa imoto ngokuthe ngqo.
Umzekelo obalulekileyo wolu hlobo lwesithuthi yi I-BMW i3 REX, ebalaseleyo ngokunikela a isisombululo esiphakathi phakathi kwezithuthi zombane ezicocekileyo kunye ne-plug-in hybrids, ukwandisa ukuzimela ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka ngokukodwa kwiplagi.
MHEV: Light Hybrid Vehicles
El I-MHEV (Imoto yoMbane yeHybrid eMild) okanye i-mild hybrid isebenzisa inkqubo yokuqhubela phambili edibanisa i-motor encinci yombane kunye ne-injini yokutsha. Le moto yombane ayanelanga ukuhambisa imoto ngokwayo, kodwa yanele ukunceda isantya, ukondla amacandelo ancedisayo kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha.
Los I-MHEV Ziyeyona ndlela ilungileyo kwabo bafuna okukhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ngaphandle kokwenza utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo kubuchwephesha bombane. Iimodeli ezifana ne Ford Puma MHEV kunye Kia Stonic kolu didi.
I-FCEV: Izithuthi zeeSeli zamafutha
Ekugqibeleni, sayifumana FCEV (I-Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle). Ezi zithuthi zisebenzisa hydrogen njengomthombo wamafutha okuvelisa umbane ngokusebenzisa a Ukuphendula ngamachiza kwi-fuel cell. Umbane obangelwayo ugcinwa kwibhetri, enika amandla i-motor yombane, ngelixa i-byproduct kuphela yale nkqubo. umphunga wamanzi.
Los FCEV Zezinye zezona ndlela zicocekileyo zikhoyo ngoku, nangona ukuphunyezwa kwazo kulinganiselwe ngenxa ye ukunqongophala kwezibonelelo ze-hydrogen refueling. Ezinye iimodeli eziphawulekayo zezi IToyota Mirai kunye Itraki nexo.
Ngalesi sikhokelo, ngoku unombono ocacileyo wento ethethwa zii-acronyms eziqhelekileyo kwihlabathi leemoto zombane kunye ne-hybrid. Ukwazi lo mahluko kuya kukunceda wenze izigqibo ezinolwazi ngakumbi ukuba ucinga ukuthenga isithuthi sombane. Ukongeza, kuya kukuvumela ukuba uqonde ngcono ukuba oku kusebenza njani. te knoloji nto leyo eyenza inguqu kwintshukumo kwihlabathi jikelele.