Kumanqaku angaphambili besibonile ukuba yintoni Amandla eKinetic kunye amandla oomatshini. Kula manqaku sikhankanye amandla obushushu njengenxalenye yamandla anefuthe kwaye ophethe umzimba ekuthethwa ngawo. Amandla obushushu Ngamandla onke amasuntswana abumba umzimba anawo. Xa iqondo lokushisa lijikeleza, umsebenzi weengqungquthela uyanda. La mandla angaphakathi ayanda njengoko iqondo lobushushu liphezulu kwaye liyancipha njengoko lisezantsi.
Ngoku siza kuhlalutya olu hlobo lwamandla ngobunzulu ukuze sigqibezele ngakumbi ulwazi lwethu malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamandla ezikhoyo. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngayo? Qhubeka ufunda.
Iimpawu zamandla obushushu
Amandla e-Thermal ngamandla akhutshelwa phakathi kweenkqubo ezikumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo. Kuzibonakalisa njengobushushu esibuvayo xa, ngokomzekelo, sibamba umphezulu oshushu kunomnye. Olu kudluliselwa kwamandla luhlala luhamba ukusuka kumzimba oshushu ukuya kwelinye elibandayo. Kule nkqubo, amandla e-thermal asasazwa de imizimba yomibini ifikelele kwi-equilibrium ye-thermal, oko kukuthi, xa zombini iqondo lokushisa elifanayo.
Uphawu olubalulekileyo lwamandla ashushu kukuba kuxhomekeke kwinani lamasuntswana akhoyo kunye nesantya esihamba ngaso. Okukhona amasuntswana ahamba ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona afumana amandla ashushu.
La mandla nawo anxulumene notshintsho kwimeko yento. Umzekelo, ngokunyusa amandla obushushu bomzimba oqinileyo, unokufikelela kwinqanaba apho uba lulwelo, kwaye ukuba uyaqhubeka ukufumana amandla, ulwelo luba yigesi.
Imizekelo yamandla obushushu
Eminye imizekelo yokufumana amandla ashushu yile ilandelayo:
- Indalo kunye neLanga. ILanga ngowona mthombo mkhulu wamandla ashushu esiwaziyo. Imizimba esesichengeni sokukhanya kwelanga, njengelitye okanye amanzi, iwafunxa la mandla kwaye nobushushu bayo buyanda.
- Bilisa amanzi. Xa sisebenzisa ubushushu emanzini, iimolekyuli zayo ziqala ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, de zifike kwindawo yokubilisa. Ngaloo mzuzu, amanzi atshintsha isimo, esuka kulwelo ukuya kwigesi.
- Iitshimini. Iindawo zokubasa zitshisa iinkuni kunye nezinye izibaso ukwenza ubushushu, okwandisa amandla obushushu bendalo esingqongileyo.
- ukusabela exothermic. Njengamafutha avuthayo okanye i-petroli evuthayo kwi-injini yemoto, ezi ntshukumo zikhupha ubushushu.
- Ukukhuhlana. Xa imiphezulu emibini ikhuhlana enye kwenye, ukukhuhlana kuvelisa amandla obushushu. Umzekelo kuxa izandla zethu zifudumala ngokuzikhuhla omnye komnye.
Aveliswa njani amandla obushushu?
Amandla obushushu aveliswa kukuhamba kwamasuntswana ngaphakathi kwemizimba. La masuntswana, abizwa ngokuba ziiathom okanye iimolekyuli, ahlala eshukuma, kwaye okukhona ehamba ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona mkhulu umyinge wamandla obushushu anawo.
Ingcamango ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yamandla ashushu kukuba oku ayidalwanga, ayitshatyalaliswa, iyatshintsha nje. Sinokuvelisa amandla obushushu ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, ezinjengokutshiswa kwamafutha efosili, amandla enyukliya, ukusabela kweekhemikhali okanye ngokudibana nje phakathi kwemizimba yamaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo.
Usetyenziswa njani amandla obushushu?
Namhlanje, amandla e-thermal anemisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo. Sinokuyiguqula ibe zezinye iindlela zamandla, njengamandla ombane, okanye sizisebenzise ngokuthe ngqo ukwenza ubushushu. Nantsi imizekelo yendlela esetyenziswa ngayo:
- ekufudumezeni. Iveliswa ngokusebenzisa iibhoyila okanye iijeneretha ezitshisa amafutha athile ukufudumeza amanzi, ahambisa ubushushu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zekhaya okanye isakhiwo.
- Kwiinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi. Injalo imeko yeenjini zeemoto, apho ukutsha kwepetroli kuvelisa amandla ashushu aguqulwa abe ngamandla omatshini ukuhambisa isithuthi.
- Kwizityalo zamandla. Kwizityalo zamandla e-thermal, amandla e-thermal aveliswa ngokutshisa amafutha asetyenziselwa ukufudumeza amanzi;
Umlinganiselo wamandla obushushu
Amandla obushushu alinganiswa nge IiJowuli (J) ngokweNkqubo yeeYunithi zaMazwe ngaMazwe, nangona inokubonakaliswa ngeekhalori. Ikhalori sisixa samandla esifunekayo ukunyusa ubushushu begram enye yamanzi nge 1 degree Celsius. Ngoko ke, ikhalori enye ilingana ne-4,184 joules.
Ukongeza kwiiJoules okanye iikhalori, kwezinye iimeko ezinye iiyunithi zikwasetyenziswa njenge IYunithi yeThermal yaseBritane (BTU), elilingana neejoules ezimalunga ne-1.055 kwaye isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza okanye zokupholisa.
Imizekelo yamandla ashushu kubomi bemihla ngemihla
Amandla e-thermal akhoyo kwizinto ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kunye nezixhobo. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:
- Kubantu kunye nezilwanyana ezishushu. Sigcina iqondo lobushushu lomzimba wethu lingaguquguquki, nto leyo ethetha ukuba sisoloko sichitha ixesha elishushu esilikhuphayo xa sisophula ukutya.
- Kwiintsimbi ezibekwe elangeni. Xa kushushu, intsimbi yenqwelo-mafutha okanye nayiphi na enye indawo yentsimbi iyatshisa, ifunxa amandla ashushu elanga.
- Kwizinto zasendlini. Iziko, iiradiyetha kunye nezifudumezi zisebenzisa amandla e-thermal ukusebenza.
- Ekutshisweni kweenkuni okanye amalahle. Xa sibasa umlilo wenkampu okanye i-barbecue, amandla ashushu avelisiweyo atshisa indalo kwaye apheke ukutya.
Ukubhideka rhoqo ngamagama afana nobushushu kunye nobushushu
Kuqhelekile ukubhidanisa amandla obushushu kunye namandla obushushu okanye ubushushu. Nangona la magama enxulumene, awathethi into efanayo:
- Amandla obushushu Ngamandla apheleleyo aqulethwe kwinkqubo ngenxa yokuhamba kwamasuntswana ayo.
- Ubushushu Kukugqithiselwa kwamandla ashushu ukusuka kumzimba onobushushu obuphezulu ukuya komnye onobushushu obuphantsi.
- temperatura Ngumlinganiselo we-avareji yamandla e-thermal yamasuntswana omzimba.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba, nangona ubushushu kunye namandla e-thermal zihambelana, ukushisa akusiyo ipropathi engaphakathi yomzimba, kodwa kunoko yinkqubo yokudlulisa, ngelixa amandla ashushu yipropati yento.
Amanye amandla anxulumene namandla ashushu
Amandla e-thermal adibaniswa nezinye iindlela zamandla, ukuvumela ukuguqulwa kwawo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Apha sichaza ezinye zezo budlelwane:
Amandla elanga ashushu
I-Solar thermal energy luhlobo lwamandla ahlaziyekayo aguqula amandla elanga abe bubushushu. Olu hlobo lwamandla luqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukufudumeza amanzi ezindlini okanye ukuvelisa umbane ngokusebenzisa izityalo ezishushu zelanga.
Amandla ombane
Olu hlobo lwamandla luvela kubushushu obugcinwe ngaphakathi eMhlabeni. Amandla e-Geothermal asebenzisa obu bushushu bendalo ukuvelisa umbane okanye ukufudumeza ngendlela ecocekileyo nezinzileyo.
Amandla ombane
Amandla obushushu anokuguqulwa abe ngamandla ombane kwizityalo zamandla obushushu, apho ubushushu busetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umphunga kunye nokuqhuba iiiturbines ezivelisa umbane, inkqubo eqhelekileyo kwizibaso zefosili okanye kwiziko lamandla enyukliya.
Uphononongo lwamandla ashushu lubalulekile ekuqondeni indlela amandla enziwa kwaye asetyenziswe ngayo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Ukusuka kubushushu belanga ukuya kumandla esiwasebenzisela ukupheka, amandla ashushu anempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwindawo esihlala kuyo kunye nendlela esiphila ngayo.