I-osmosis yamanzi yinkqubo yendalo esekelwe ekuhambeni kwee-molecule zamanzi ngokusebenzisa i-membrane e-semipermeable, ukusuka kwisisombululo esinomlinganiselo ophantsi we-solutes ukuya kwelinye elinogxininiso oluphezulu. Lo mcimbi ufuna ukulungelelanisa ukugxininiswa kwazo zombini izisombululo. Le nkqubo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekucoceni amanzi kunye neenkqubo zokucoca, ezifana ne-osmosis eguquguqukayo, ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi okusela kumakhaya amaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, malunga ne-osmosis yamanzi kunye ne-reverse osmosis filtration systems zininzi iintsomi oko kudala ukubhideka.
Kweli nqaku, siza kuchaza ezinye zezi ntsomi, sichaze iimpawu zokwenene ze-osmosis kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo, kunye neenzuzo kunye nokungalunganga. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngale ndlela yokucoca amanzi!
Isihluzo seosmosis sisetyenziselwa ntoni?
Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuhluza i-osmosis ye-reverse ikhule ekuthandeni, ngakumbi kwimimandla apho amanzi epompo anencasa engathandekiyo ngenxa yobunzima bawo, okanye isixa seeminerali ezinyityilisiweyo ezifana ne-calcium kunye ne-magnesium, okanye unyango lwe-chlorine. Ezi zixhobo zithembisa ukuphelisa obu kungcola kwaye ziphucule kakhulu umgangatho kunye nencasa yamanzi.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela oko Isixhobo sokubuyela umva se-osmosis asisoloko sisebenza njengoko sipapashiwe. Enyanisweni, kwezinye iimeko banokude benze umgangatho wamanzi ube mandundu okanye benze inkunkuma yamanzi kwinkqubo.
Iinkqubo ze-osmosis zasekhaya zidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukucoca amanzi etephu okusela, ukususa izinto eziqinileyo, iklorini, iityuwa, kunye namanye amasuntswana. Kodwa ayifanelekanga yonke imithombo yamanzi. Uhlalutyo lobulunga bamanzi lubalulekile ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo sokufakela loo nkqubo.
Inkqubo ye-Osmosis kwisihluzo samanzi
Umgaqo we-osmosis eguquguqukayo unokwenziwa lula kumbono wokuvumela iimolekyuli zamanzi kuphela ukuba zidlule kwi-membrane ekwazi ukungena, ngelixa ukungcola, okunje ngeetyuwa kunye neeminerali, kubanjiswa. Nangona inkqubo ibuchwephesha ngakumbi kunokucoca okulula, le ngcamango isisiseko inika umbono oqhelekileyo wendlela esebenza ngayo.
Inkqubo yokuhluza i-osmosis idla ngokwahlulwa ngokwezigaba okanye izigaba ezininzi. Kwinkqubo eqhelekileyo yemigangatho emihlanu, exhaphake kakhulu, izihluzi zokuqala zinoxanduva lokususa amasuntswana amakhulu ngaphambi kokuba amanzi adibane ne-osmosis membrane.
- Inqanaba lokuqala liqulathe isihluzo sentlenga esisusa amasuntswana afana nesanti kunye neenkozo zekalika ezinokuthi zibangele iingxaki kwizigaba ezilandelayo.
- Kwinqanaba lesibini nelesithathu, izihlungi zekhabhoni ezisebenzayo zisetyenziselwa ukususa iklorini kunye nezinye iikhompawundi ezichaphazela incasa kunye nevumba lamanzi. I-charcoal esebenzayo iyasebenza kakhulu ekususeni i-chlorine, eyona nxalenye eqhelekileyo kumanzi ompompo.
- Inqanaba lesine yi-osmosis inwebu ngokwayo, esusa ininzi yezinto eziqinileyo ezinyibilikayo, kuquka iityuwa kunye nokungcola okuncinci.
- Okokugqibela, ukudlula kokugqibela kwisihluzi esincinci sekhabhoni esisebenzayo sisetyenziswa kumanzi asele ecociwe ukuze aphucule ngakumbi incasa yawo.
Kwezinye iimodeli, a itanki yokugcina ukugcina amanzi ahluziweyo, ewenza afumaneke ukuze asetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iinkqubo eziphambili ngakumbi ezisusa imfuno yetanki enjalo, ukugcina indawo ekhitshini.
Iintsomi ze-osmosis yamanzi
Iintsomi ezininzi ziye zavela malunga nenkqubo ye-osmosis kunye nokubuyisela umva iinkqubo ze-osmosis. Ngezantsi, siza kuphonononga ezinye zezona ziqhelekileyo kwaye sizikhanyele ngokusekelwe kubungqina obukhoyo besayensi kunye nobugcisa.
Intsomi 1: Amanzi okubuyisela umva i-osmosis asulungekile ngokupheleleyo
Le yenye yeentsomi eziqhelekileyo. Nangona iinkqubo ze-osmosis ezibuyisela umva zisusa inani elikhulu lokungcola, bayasilela ukudala "100% acocekileyo" amanzi. Ezinye izinto kunye neekhompawundi, ezinjengeegesi ezinyityilisiweyo emanzini, zisenokubakho kwiindawo ezincinci kakhulu.
Intsomi yesi-2: Ukusela amanzi aguqukayo e-osmosis akulunganga kwimpilo yakho
Enye intsomi edumileyo yeyokuba ukusebenzisa amanzi aguqukayo e-osmosis kunokuba yingozi ngenxa yokunqongophala kweeminerali. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuyonyani. Kubantu abasempilweni, ukusela amanzi anezixa eziphantsi zeeminerali akubeki mngcipheko omkhulu. Ukongeza, umzimba ufumana uninzi lweeminerali eziyimfuneko ngokutya.
Inkolelo yesi-3: Amanzi okubuyisela umva i-osmosis ayinayo i-calcium eyaneleyo kunye ne-magnesium
Abanye bathi i-osmosis eguqukayo isusa iiminerali ezinjenge-calcium kunye ne-magnesium, eziyimfuneko kumzimba. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba inkqubo iyabanciphisa, Amanzi ayikuphela komthombo wezi zimbiwa. Ukutya okunokulinganisela kwansuku zonke kunika inani elaneleyo le-calcium kunye ne-magnesium.
Intsomi yesi-4: Kuphela kulahleka amanzi amancinci ngexesha le-osmosis ebuyela emva
Enye yeengxaki ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-osmosis ezibuyela umva yi inkcitho yamanzi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimodeli, kwilitha nganye yamanzi ahluziweyo, phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-10 ilitha inokulahlwa. Nangona abanye abavelisi bathi banomlinganiselo we-1: 4, ekusebenzeni oku kunzima kakhulu ukufezekisa ngaphandle kwezixhobo eziphambili kakhulu.
Intsomi yesi-5: Amanzi okubuyisela umva i-osmosis asempilweni kunamanzi asebhotileni
Nangona amanzi ahluzwayo abuyela umva i-osmosis anokuba kumgangatho ophezulu, akukho mfuneko yokuba aphile kunamanzi asebhotileni asemgangathweni. Zombini ezi ndidi zamanzi zinokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokusela, kwaye eyona ndlela ilungileyo iya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kumthombo wamanzi okhoyo kunye neemfuno zabasebenzisi.
Intsomi yesi-6: Zonke iinkqubo ze-osmosis ezibuyela umva ziyafana
Iinkqubo ze-osmosis ezibuyela umva zahluka kakhulu kumgangatho, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nenqanaba lokuhluza. Ezinye izixhobo zisenokuba phambili kunezinye, enikezela ngeempawu ezifana neenkqubo zokucoca ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla. Kubalulekile ukwazi iimpawu zeemodeli ezahlukeneyo ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Ngaba kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe inkqubo ye-osmosis ebuyela umva?
Impendulo ixhomekeke ikakhulu kumgangatho wamanzi afikelela kwikhaya lakho. Kwezinye iindawo, i-osmosis eguqukayo inokuba sisisombululo esihle kakhulu sokuphucula umgangatho wamanzi ompompo, ngakumbi ukuba iqulethe iityuwa ezininzi zeeminerali, iklorine, okanye ungcoliseko olunokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iindawo apho amanzi sele esemgangathweni olungileyo, inkqubo ye-osmosis ebuyela umva isenokungabi yimfuneko.
Izinto ezilungileyo zokusebenzisa i-osmosis eguqukayo
- Isusa ukungcola okunje ngenitrate, iisulfates, iintsimbi ezinzima kunye nezibulali zinambuzane emanzini.
- Ukuphucula incasa yamanzi ngokususa iklorini kunye nezinye iikhompawundi ezingathandekiyo.
- Unokwenza ugcino lwexesha elide ngokuyeka ukuthenga amanzi asebhotileni.
Iingxaki zokusebenzisa i-osmosis eguqukayo
- Inkunkuma yamanzi: kwilitha nganye yamanzi ahluziweyo, phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-10 yeelitha inokulahlwa.
- Inkqubo ifuna ukugcinwa kwamaxesha athile, njengokutshintsha iikhatriji zokucoca.
- Amanzi asenokuba neminerali encinci, nangona oku kungenabungozi kubantu abaninzi.
Nangona iinkqubo ze-osmosis zinokuba luncedo kwiimeko ezithile, azibalulekanga kwikhaya ngalinye. Ngaphambi kokufaka enye, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlalutye umgangatho wamanzi kwaye uvavanye ukuba le teknoloji iyimfuneko ngokwenene kwimeko yakho. Ukongeza, izinto ezingeloncedo ezifana nokuchithwa kwamanzi kunye nokugcinwa okufunekayo kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.