Los iipelisi Ziyi-biofuel ngendlela yeesilinda ezincinci ezifunyenwe kwinkunkuma yomthi. Zenziwa ngokusila iinkuni de zijike zibe yi-sawdust okanye i-shavings, ethi emva koko idityaniswe kwaye yomiswe de ibe le ndlela ifunyenwe. Zisetyenziswa ikakhulu njenge umthombo wamandla obushushu y zombane kwizitovu nakwibhoyila, zombini ezindlini nakwimizi-mveliso.
Iipellets: umthombo wamandla ahlaziyekayo kwindalo
Ukusetyenziswa kweepellets njenge-biofuel kuqwalaselwa kakhulu ngendalo, ekubeni ivumela ukusetyenziswa kweentsalela zehlathi endaweni yokubhenela ekugawuleni imithi ukuze kuvele amandla. Olu phawu lwenza iipellet zibe yinye indlela ebalulekileyo yokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokulwa nongcoliseko. ukugawulwa kwamahlathi.
Enye yezona zinto ziluncedo kakhulu zale fuel ixhomekeke kuyo ukungathathi hlangothi kwi-CO2 ekhutshwayo. Xa zitshisiwe, iipellets zikhupha isixa seCO2 esilingana nento efunxwa yimithi ngexesha lokukhula kwazo, nto leyo ebenza bafaneleke ukuba luncedo. Umthombo wamandla ohlaziyekayo.
Ngokungafaniyo namanye amafutha efosili afana namalahle okanye igesi, umjikelo wobomi bepellet usebenza ngaphakathi kwesakhelo Uqoqosho olujikelezayo, apho inkunkuma iphinda isetyenziswe, kuncitshiswa inkunkuma.
izicelo Pellet
Ukusetyenziswa kwepellet njengamafutha kuye kwasasazeka kakhulu eYurophu, ngakumbi kwizityalo ezishushu ukuveliswa kombane. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwabo akuphelelanga kule ntsimi, kuba banokusetyenziselwa ukufudumeza amakhaya, iinkampani kunye nezakhiwo zoshishino ngokusebenzisa iibhoyila zokutsha kabini kunye nezitovu.
Las iibheyili zebhayomass abasebenzisa iipellets njengamafutha lukhetho olugqwesileyo emakhayeni nakwimizi-mveliso ukunika ubushushu namanzi ashushu. Olu hlobo lokufudumeza ikhaya lusebenza kakuhle, kwaye amazwe amaninzi aseYurophu akhuthaza ukwamkelwa kwawo ngokusebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente enikezela ngeenkxaso kunye noncedo.
Ukongeza, iipellet zisetyenziswa kakhulu imboni ukuvelisa ubushushu kwiinkqubo zemveliso, ezifana kumashishini okutya, amaphepha kunye neceramic. Ngokutshintsha i-fuel fuels kunye ne-pellets kwezi zicelo, ukunciphisa okubonakalayo kwi-greenhouse gas emissions kuyafezekiswa.
Iintlobo zeepellet kunye nokusebenza kwazo kwamandla
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeepellet ngokohlobo lweenkuni ezisetyenzisiweyo ekwenzeni kwazo, ezimisela ukuba ziziphi ukusebenza kwekhalori. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ixabiso lokufudumeza kweepellets liphezulu kakhulu, kodwa liyakwazi ukuhluka ngokuxhomekeka kwiintlobo zokhuni kunye nenkqubo yokudibanisa. Inyaniso efanelekileyo yeyokuba, malunga ne-2 kg yeepellets zenza amandla alingana ne-1 ilitha yedizili, ebeka le biofuel njengokhetho olunokhuphiswano noluzinzileyo.
Iipellets umgangatho ophezulu, eveliswe phantsi kwemigangatho engqongqo, yizona zibonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle kwaye zineziqinisekiso eziqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo kunye nomxholo ophantsi womswakama (<10%), oyimfuneko ekusebenzeni ngokuchanekileyo kwiibhoyili kunye nezitofu.
Impembelelo yezoqoqosho nentlalontle
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-biomass ukuvelisa i-pellets ayinayo nje inzuzo yokusingqongileyo, ikwabonelela ngeenzuzo zoqoqosho. Ukuba sisixhobo sendalo esinokuhlaziywa, esifumaneka kwimimandla emininzi yehlabathi, ixabiso layo lithande ukuba ngaphezulu uzinzisiwe xa kuthelekiswa nezibaso zefosili, kuxhomekeke kwintelekelelo kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokuveliswa kweepellets kukhuthaza a ifuthe elihle loqoqosho lwengingqi, ekubeni i-biomass efunekayo inokukhutshwa kwindawo ekufutshane, ivelisa ingqesho kumacandelo ezolimo, amahlathi kunye nokucubungula.
Imingeni kunye nezigxeko zokuzinza kwepellet
Ngaphandle kweenzuzo zokusingqongileyo ezibangelwa yi-pellets, kukho iingxabano. Ngokomzekelo, ingxelo yakutshanje ibonise ukuba izityalo ezizisebenzisayo zinokukhupha izinto ezininzi ezikhutshwayo ukuba azilawulwa kakuhle. Abagxeki babonisa ukuba, ngezinye izihlandlo, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okungekho mthethweni phantsi kwesizathu sokuvelisa iipellets kunokonakalisa ibhalansi yezinto eziphilayo.
Ezinye izityalo zepellet kuMntla Merika, ingakumbi kumzantsi-mpuma weUnited States, ziye zakhethwa yimibutho yemekobume ngenxa yokugawulwa kwemithi ngokungazinzanga. Nangona kunjalo, abaxhasi becandelo bathi imfuno yeepellets ikhuthaza ukutyalwa kwamahlathi amatsha kunye nokulawulwa okuzinzileyo kwezinto ezikhoyo, umsebenzi onokuthi, ukuba uqhutywe ngendlela elawulwayo, unokuba luncedo kwimo engqongileyo kwixesha elide.
Imeko yaseYurophu: ukwandiswa kunye nekamva leepellets
IYurophu ngoku ingummandla wehlabathi apho ukusetyenziswa kweepellets kuninzi ziphuhlisiwe. Amazwe afana neSweden, iJamani kunye neFinland agqama njengabona bathengi bakhulu beepellets, esebenzisa le biofuel ukufudumeza amakhaya kunye nokuvelisa umbane kwinqanaba lemizi-mveliso.
Ukukhula kwecandelo le-pellet kuye kwaqhutywa yimfuneko ye decarbonize uqoqosho lwaseYurophu. Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweepellets kube negalelo ekunciphiseni ukuxhomekeka kumafutha efosili asuka kumazwe angaphandle, kukhethwa ukuzimela okukhulu kwamandla.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokunyuka kwemfuno, imfuneko lawula ngokufanelekileyo imveliso yayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo izinzileyo ngokwenene. Njengoko imarike yeepellet iqhubeleka nokukhula, kubalulekile ukuba kuhlangatyezwane nemigaqo yozinzo lwamahlathi, kwaye ishishini liguqukela kwiinkqubo ezinoxanduva ngakumbi.
Ngokubhekiselele kwintlekele yamandla ehlabathi kunye nokuqonda okukhulayo kwesidingo sokumisa utshintsho lwemozulu, ukusetyenziswa kweepellets kuboniswa njengesisombululo esisebenzayo, esicocekileyo esinamandla amakhulu okutshintsha kwamandla.
Ukubanakho kweepellet njengomthombo osebenzayo wamandla ahlaziyekayo mkhulu kakhulu. Ukongeza kokuthatha inzuzo yenkunkuma, banikezela ngokhuseleko lwamandla kunye negalelo elikhulu ekulweni nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ukwandiswa kokusetyenziswa kwayo kwihlabathi jikelele akunakuphepheka ngenxa yempembelelo yayo ephantsi yokusingqongileyo, ukufikeleleka kunye nokukwazi ukutshintsha amafutha efosili kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.