La imethanization Yinkqubo yendalo yokuthotywa kwezinto eziphilayo ngokungabikho kwe-oxygen. Le nkqubo ivelisa i-biogas, eyenziwe ikakhulu yimethane, enokusetyenziswa njengomthombo we amandla avuselelwe njengoko kwenzeka kweminye imithombo yolwazi kusajongwa kancinci. Okwangoku, olu hlobo lwamandla angaziwayo lufumana umhlaba kumacandelo ahlukeneyo, kuba luvumela ukuba sisebenzise izibonelelo ezinokuthi zichithe. Iinkampani ezininzi ziguqukela kwezi teknoloji ukuze ziguqule zibe ngamandla acocekileyo nasebenzayo.
Makhe siphonononge ezinye zezi zixhobo zenoveli siqale ngemizekelo enika umdla.
Iimelon ezibolileyo: iijenereyitha zamandla
Kwingingqi yaseFransi, ngonyaka inkampani yeziqhamo ijongana nokulahlekelwa malunga neetoni ezingama-2000 zeevatala ezingafikeleliyo kwimigangatho yokuthengisa. Ukunyangwa kunye nokuthuthwa kwale nkunkuma kubiza i-€ 150.000 ngonyaka. Ngo-2011, inkampani yagqiba ekubeni yenze utshintsho kwaye yamkele iyunithi ye-methanization eyenziwe yinkampani yaseBelgium. Luhlaza.
Imodeli yale teknoloji entsha ilula kakhulu: iziqhamo ezikwimeko embi zigcinwa kwaye zithotywe yibhaktheriya evelisa i-biogas. Le biogas iphinda isetyenziswe ukwenza amandla kunye nobushushu, enika amandla isityalo. Ubushushu busetyenziswa kwishishini ngokwalo, elinciphisa kakhulu iindleko zamandla. Ukongeza, i-biogas engaphezulu ithengiswa kwiinkampani zombane, ivelisa umthombo owongezelelweyo wengeniso.
Iminqathe ebolileyo: omnye umthombo we-biogas
Ngokufanayo neemelon, iminqathe ingasetyenziswa njengomthombo wamandla. Kule meko, iqela laseFransi lokutya kwezolimo liphakathi kweenkokheli zaseYurophu kwimveliso ye-carrot. Ngo-2014, basebenzisana nabo Luhlaza ukuphuhlisa iyunithi ye-biomethaniization enokuguqula iminqathe eyonakeleyo ibe ngamandla.
Impembelelo ibibalulekile. Eli qela liyakwazi ukuvelisa amandla alingana nokusetyenziswa kwamandla amalunga nama-420 amakhaya. Iikherothi, ezinokuthi zilahlwe kude, ngoku zibe ngumthombo wamandla ohlaziyekayo.
Amandla eshizi: ngaphaya kwemveliso yobisi
I-Cheese, ngaphaya kokusetyenziswa kwayo kokutya, ivelisa imveliso enokuthi iguqulwe ibe amandla. I umanyano lwabavelisi besonka samasi e-savoy, eFransi, iye yadibanisa isityalo esine-methanation esisebenzisa i-whey, ekwaziwa ngokuba yilactoserum, ukwenza i-biogas. Le byproduct lulwelo tyheli evela ngexesha inkqubo yokwenza isonka samasi.
Ngesi sityalo, ummandla weSavoy uvelisa malunga nezigidi ezi-3 kWh zamandla ngonyaka. Esi sixa sanele ukugubungela ukusetyenziswa kwabemi be-1500, ebonisa ukubaluleka kokusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezivela kwishishini lokutya ukuvelisa amandla.
Inkunkuma yabantu: ibhasi yebhayobho eBristol
EUnited Kingdom, ngokukodwa eBristol, kuye kwasungulwa iprojekthi yobuvulindlela equka ibhasi enamafutha aphuma kwilindle lomntu. Oku ibhasi Inokuhamba ukuya kuma-300 km isebenzisa inkunkuma yabantu abahlanu kuphela ngonyaka.
I-biogas eveliswa ngokusetyenziswa kwe-metanization yelindle lomntu ivumela ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30% xa kuthelekiswa nesithuthi sedizili semveli. Inkampani ephethe le projekthi, IGENeco, uye wacebisa ukwandisa uthungelwano lweebhasi ngokusebenzisa le nkqubo yamandla acocekileyo, ecela inkxaso-mali kuRhulumente waseBrithani. Ngale nto, kulindeleke ukuba inciphise ngakumbi i-carbon footprint yothutho lwasezidolophini.
Imithombo emitsha yamandla: ukusungulwa rhoqo
Ngaphandle kweendlela ezikhankanyiweyo, kukho eminye imithombo yokuvelisa amandla ahlaziyekayo anamandla angaqhelekanga:
- Bioluminescence: Iphuhliswe ikakhulu ziibhaktheriya kunye nezinto eziphila elwandle ezifana nejellyfish, obu buchwephesha bukhethekileyo buthatha ithuba lokukhanya okuveliswa zezinye izinto eziphilayo ukukhanyisa izithuba ngaphandle kwesidingo sombane.
- Amandla emvula: Ijenereyitha, ephuhliswe zizazinzulu zaseTshayina, iyakwazi ukubamba amandla e-kinetic aveliswa ngamathontsi emvula awayo ize iwaguqule abe ngumbane. Imvula enye inokulayita iiglowubhu ezili-100 ngenxa yokuqokelelana kwala mandla.
- Amandla eKinetic: Kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zehlabathi, sele kusetyenziswa imigangatho ethi, xa ihanjwa, ivelise umbane owaneleyo wokukhanyisa iinkqubo zokukhanyisa. Ukusuka kwimigangatho yokudanisa ukuya kwiindawo zokuwela abahambi ngeenyawo, obu bugcisa buyanda.
- Ukurisayikilisha amandla: Ukuthatha ithuba lenkunkuma yasezidolophini neyezolimo ukuyiguqula ibe ngamandla yinto ekhulayo. Amazwe afana neSweden sele esebenzisa obu bugcisa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, ade angenise inkunkuma kumazwe angaphandle ukuze avelise umbane.
Iiprojekthi ezisaphuhliswayo: ukusuka elabhoratri ukuya kuziqhelanisa
Phakathi kweyona mithombo yamandla ihambele phambili kwezobuchwepheshe yileyo apho inzululwazi ihlala ivelisa izinto ezintsha. I amandla e-osmotic o amandla aluhlaza uthembisa ukuguqula intsimi yamandla ahlaziyekayo. Olu hlobo lwamandla lusekwe kumahluko we-saline concentration phakathi kwamanzi omlambo kunye namanzi olwandle. Amazwe afana neNorway sele ephanda ngokucokisekileyo obu buchwepheshe ngenjongo yokusebenzisa ubutyebi bendalo ngokufanelekileyo.
Omnye umzekelo wokutsha yiprojekthi I-Geobacter sulfurreducens iqhutywa yiYunivesithi yaseMassachusetts. Ibandakanya ukuvelisa umbane ukusuka kumswakama womoya usebenzisa iiproteni ezikhuliswe ngokwendalo. Le teknoloji, ebizwa ngokuba Air-gen, unokuvumela umbane ukuba uveliswe naphi na emhlabeni ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwiimeko ezithile zemozulu, nto leyo evula inkalo yamathuba okusetyenziswa kuwo ehlabathini lonke.
Ekugqibeleni, imifuniselo efana izinto eziphilayo kunye izityalo zombane Bakwakwinqanaba eliphezulu lophuhliso. Nangona ukuphunyezwa kwayo okukhulu kusekude, ukuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kusisondeza kwikamva apho amandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nemithombo yamandla engaziwayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kuzinzo lweplanethi.
Ukufakwa kwale mithombo yamandla emitsha kwindawo yangoku ayinayo kuphela impembelelo entle yokusingqongileyo, kodwa ikwasivumela ukuba sinciphise iindleko kwaye senze uninzi lwezixhobo ezikhoyo. Ikamva lamandla ngokungathandabuzekiyo lilele kwindibaniselwano yeendlela zemveli kunye neendlela ezintsha ezifana nezi zikhankanywe apha.
Zininzi izibonelelo zebiogas. Ingasetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngombane ngeeyure ezingekho kwinqanaba eliphezulu, kuba ayifuni ilanga okanye umoya ukuyivelisa kwaye ayifuni iibhetri ukuze ziqokelele.