Las iiphaneli zelanga ziya zisebenza ngakumbi, nto leyo ekhokelele ekwandeni kwe ukuzityela ekhaya. Ukuba ufake i-photovoltaic system, mhlawumbi uyazibuza indlela yokubhalisa ukufakela kwakho. Ukubhaliswa ngokusemthethweni kweephaneli zelanga yinkqubo abantu abaninzi abangayaziyo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukufakela kwakho kuhambelana nayo yonke imimiselo yangoku.
Okulandelayo, siza kubona onke amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuze semthethweni ukufakwa kwe-photovoltaic ukuzisebenzisela, zombini kwinqanaba lomntu kunye neshishini.
Amagama aphambili ekufuneka uwagcine engqondweni
Ukuqonda indlela yokwenza le nkqubo, kufuneka siqale ngokuziqhelanisa neyona migaqo ibaluleke kakhulu evela ngexesha lenkqubo yomthetho.
Umxholo we semthethweni ukufakwa kwe-photovoltaic Ibandakanya zonke iinkqubo zolawulo eziyimfuneko zokufakelwa kwelanga ukuthobela imimiselo yendawo, yengingqi kunye nelizwe. Ukuthobela zonke ezi mfuno akuyimfuneko kuphela, kodwa kukuvumela ukuba ugweme izohlwayo ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukuba ukufakela kusebenza kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo.
Ukuzityela ngaphandle kwentsalela: Lolo hlobo lokuzityela ngokwalo apho i-surplus eveliswayo ayikhutshwa kwigridi yombane. Kule meko, inkqubo yokulwa nokulahla ingafakwa ukwenzela ukuba amandla angasetyenziswanga ngoku angalahlwa kwigridi jikelele.
Ukuzityela kunye ne-surplus: Kule modeli, i-surpluses ilahlwa kwinethiwekhi. Umnini unokukhetha ukufumana imbuyekezo yemali yezi ntsalela okanye athengise ngokuthe ngqo amandla angaphezulu awenziwe ngokufakela kwakhe.
Ikhowudi ye-CAU: Yikhowudi yokuzisebenzisa ngokwakho, eveliswa ngumsabalalisi wakho wombane, echaza ukufakwa kwakho kwe-photovoltaic phambi kolawulo kunye nomthengisi wakho ukuphumeza imbuyekezo ye-surplus okanye ukudibanisa ngokusesikweni kwigridi yombane.
Yenza ngokusemthethweni iiphaneli zelanga ukuze zisetyenziswe ekhaya
Siza kuhlalutya inkqubo yokumisela ngokusemthethweni ukufakwa kwe-photovoltaic kwindawo yokuhlala yangasese. Olu hlobo lofakelo luya luxhaphaka kwaye lukuvumela ukuba unciphise kakhulu ityala lakho lombane. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze yonke into ilungele kwaye ukufakela kukhuselekile kwaye kusebenze, kuyimfuneko ukulandela uchungechunge lwamanyathelo abalulekileyo.
Ukuqokelelwa kwedatha yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali: Into yokuqala oyifunayo kukuqokelela amatyala ombane kwiinyanga ezili-12 zokugqibela, ukuze inkampani yofakelo iyile inkqubo elungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kokwenene kwekhaya. Nokuba awunazo zonke ii-invoyisi, kubalulekile ukuba ube nabaninzi kangangoko ukuze ukwazi ukubala ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani bamandla oza kufuna ukufakela.
Indawo yekhaya: Indawo yekhaya yinto emiselweyo, ekubeni ukuqhelaniswa nophahla, kunye nokuthambekela kwayo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Ezi zinto zimbini ziyimfuneko ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kweepaneli zelanga.
Amanyathelo olawulo: Yakuba ifumanekile yonke le nkcazelo, isigaba solawulo siqala ngesicelo sephepha-mvume lokwakha kwiholo yedolophu. Kwezinye iindawo zoluntu ezizimeleyo, eli nyathelo lenziwe lula kwaye linokutshintshwa ngokuthi ingxelo enoxanduva. Ukongeza, kuya kufuneka ukuba kuhlawulwe iirhafu zikamasipala, ezifana neRhafu yoLwakhiwo, uFakelo kunye neMisebenzi (ICIO).
Amaxwebhu okuvunyelwa ngokusemthethweni kofakelo lokuzityela lwasekhaya
Nje ukuba ufakelo lugqityiwe, inkampani yofakelo kufuneka ikhuphe Isatifikethi soFakelo loMbane (CIE), eyaziwa ngokuba yincwadana yombane. Kufakelo lwamandla aphantsi, njengalawo angaphantsi kwe-15 kW, kuyafuneka ukuba abonise Ingxelo yoYilo lobuGcisa ekufuneka ihambelane neMimiselo ye-Low Voltage Electrotechnical Regulations (REBT).
Emva kokuba la maxwebhu elungelelanisiwe, kufuneka uqhubeke nesicelo se-elektroniki semvume yembuyekezo yentsalela. Ngenxa yoko, i Ikhowudi yokuzisebenzisa ngokwakho (CAU), edibanisa iCUPS yomthengi kunye nesimaphambili esithi A000.
Yenza ngokusemthethweni iiphaneli zelanga kwindawo yoshishino
Ku ufakelo photovoltaic industrial, inkqubo ingaba nzima ngakumbi kwaye idinga ukucwangciswa okukhulu ukunyusa ukufakela kunye nokuthobela yonke imimiselo. Kulapho uqokelelo lwedatha luthatha indima ekhethekileyo. Ukongeza kumatyala ombane, imikhwa yokusetyenziswa kombane yenkampani kufuneka iqwalaselwe kwaye kwenziwe uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo ukuze kubonwe ukuba angakanani amandla aza kusetyenziswa kwaye ingakanani intsalela, ukuba ikhona, iya kuveliswa.
Emva kokufunda ii-invoyisi kunye nokuchaza iimfuno zamandla, isinyathelo esilandelayo kukufumana indawo echanekileyo yokufunda ukuthambekela kunye nokuqhelaniswa kwendawo apho iipaneli ziya kufakwa khona. Oku kuya kuba nefuthe elithe ngqo ekusebenzeni kunye nokonga amandla.
Inkqubo yokwenziwa ngokusemthethweni kwendawo yoshishino
La ukwenziwa ngokusemthethweni kwendawo yoshishino Kukwafuna ukulandela uthotho lwamanyathelo anyanzelekileyo kwinqanaba lolawulo kunye nelobugcisa. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukubonisa imvume yokucwangcisa kwiholo yedolophu ehambelanayo, efana nenkqubo kwiindawo zokuhlala. Kweminye imimandla, le nkqubo iye yakhawuleziswa kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, inokuqhubeka nge unxibelelwano lwangaphambili.
Kufakelo lwemizi-mveliso olungaphezu kwe-15 kW, a iprojekthi yobuchwephesha be-visa yinjineli. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona Isatifikethi soLawulo loLwakhiwo kunye ISatifikethi sokuQeda uMsebenzi, zombini zisayinwe ngoononjineli abanobuchule. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuhlolwa kokuqala yi-Authorized Control Body (OCA) kuyafuneka, ngakumbi xa ukufakela kudlula i-25 kW.
Emva kwazo zonke ezi nkqubo, inyathelo elilandelayo kukubonisa ukufakela kwi-Autonomous Community. Yakuba ingenisiwe, imbuyiselo yentsalela inokuqhutywa nge-CAU. Le nkqubo inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuluntu oluzimeleyo, kodwa ngokubanzi lulandela isakhiwo esifanayo.
Iindleko zokusemthethweni kunye nenkxaso ekhoyo
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukusemthethweni kokufakela i-photovoltaic kunezinye iindleko ezongezelelweyo. Ukongeza kwimirhumo kamasipala, kwiindawo ezininzi zokuhlala ezizimeleyo imirhumo eyongezelelweyo yolawulo kufuneka ihlawulwe ukubhalisa iziko. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku kukho iinkxaso kunye noncedo oluququzelela kakhulu uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokuqala.
Kwabanye oomasipala, izaphulelo zinokufunyanwa kwi Irhafu yezindlu nezindlu (IBI) okanye kwi Irhafu yokwakha ukuba ukufakela kwe-photovoltaic kuqhutyelwa ukuzisebenzisa. Ezi nkxaso-mali zingathetha ukonga kakhulu kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweprojekthi yokugqibela.
Ngaphaya koko, urhulumente waseSpain kunye ne-European Union baqalise ngokwahlukileyo imigca yoncedo lokuzithengela enokugubungela phakathi kwe-40% kunye ne-90% yotyalo-mali lokuqala ngokuxhomekeke kumandla ofakelo kunye noluntu oluzimeleyo apho iprojekthi iqhutyelwa khona.
Inkqubo ukusemthethweni kofakelo lwe-photovoltaic Ingabonakala ide kwaye inzima, kodwa ukuba ilandelwa ngokufanelekileyo, iya kuvumela abanini bezindlu ukuba basebenzise zonke izibonelelo eziza kunikezelwa ngamandla elanga ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo. Ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye noncedo oluvela kulawulo, kunye neenkxaso-mali zokuzisebenzisa, kuthetha ukuba abantu abaninzi bayakhuthazwa ukuba babhalise ngokusemthethweni ukufakwa kwe-photovoltaic yabo.