Impembelelo yeAvalanche yamatyala ezizwe ngezizwe ngenxa yokucuthwa kwezinto ezivuselelekayo eSpain

  • ISpain ijongene nolamlo lwamazwe ngamazwe olungaphezulu kwama-30 malunga nokucuthwa kwezinto ezinokuvuselelwa.
  • Urhulumente ugwetyiwe yi-ICSID, ngembuyekezo engaphaya kwe-7.000 yezigidi zeeyuro.
  • Abatyali-zimali bamanye amazwe bafumana imbuyekezo abantu baseSpain abangekayifumani.

ICalifornia ivelisa amandla elanga amaninzi

Owayesakuba yibhanki yoluntu yaseJamani iWestLB liqumrhu lamva nje lokumangalela uBukumkani baseSpain phambi kwe ICiadi (Iziko laMazwe ngaMazwe lokuHlaliswa kweeNgxwabangxwaba zoTyalo-mali) ngokumalunga nokucuthwa komvuzo wamandla avuselelweyo abekwe nguRhulumente weQela elidumileyo (PP). Lo mlamlo udibanisa uluhlu lweengxabano ezifanayo, ezipheleleyo, sele zigqithise amatyala angamashumi amathathu ngamazwe ngamazwe, ngenxa yokungaqiniseki okubangelwa utshintsho kwimigaqo-nkqubo yamandla yaseSpain.

Ngeli tyala, sele kukho iimbambano ezingaphezu kwe-30 ezichasene nelizwe lethu kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo yamazwe ngamazwe. Kwezi, enye inikwe phambi kwe-Uncitral (iKomishoni yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yoMthetho woRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe), ezintathu phambi kweArbitration Institute yeStockholm Chamber of Commerce, kunye ne-28 phambi kwe-ICSID ngokwayo, phantsi kokhuseleko lweBhanki yehlabathi. La matyala abonisa ukuxhatshazwa kwezomthetho okukhulayo phakathi kwabatyalo-mali bamazwe ngamazwe kunye ne-State State yaseSpain, emva kweenguqu ezinzulu kwicandelo lombane olwenziwa ngokukodwa kwi-2012 kunye ne-2013.

Ukusukela kwityala lokuqala elichasene nohlaziyo lwecandelo lamandla elasungulwa ngurhulumente kaRodríguez Zapatero - kwiminyaka emithandathu eyadlulayo - kude kube namhlanje, iSpain ikwazile ukusombulula iimbambano ezintathu kuphela. Kwezi, ezimbini zasonjululwa eStockholm, kwaneziphumo ezincumisayo kuRhulumente. Nangona kunjalo, esona sigqibo samva nje se-ICSID sasithandeka kubatyali-mali bengxowa-mali yaseBritane i-Eiser, isibetho esibalulekileyo kwingxowa yoluntu yaseSpain, eyalelwe ukuba ihlawule i-128 yezigidi ze-euro kwimbuyekezo.

Eli tyala libeka umzekelo ophambili kwinkundla yolamlo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ekubeni, ngokutsho kwenkundla ye-ICSID, ukucuthwa okwenziwe yiSpain konakalise kakhulu inzuzo yotyalo-mali luka-Eiser kwizityalo ezininzi zelanga ezishushu ezikumazantsi elizwe.

Icandelo elikwingxaki: ukusika ngaphandle kwembuyekezo

amandla elanga

UMiguel Ángel Martínez-Aroca, umongameli we-Anpier (uMbutho weSizwe we-Photovoltaic Energy Producers), uye wagxininisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba kukho ukungafani okuphawulekayo phakathi kwamabhaso akhutshwe e-Stockholm kunye ne-award ye-ICSID. Ngelixa amatyala eStockholm ajongana nohlaziyo oluvunyiweyo ngurhulumente waseZapatero, ulamlo lwe-ICSID lugxile kuhlaziyo lwamandla eQela elidumileyo.

Lo mahluko ubalulekile kuba, ngokukaMartínez-Aroca, uRhulumente waseZapatero ubuyekeze abatyali-mali ngeminyaka emihlanu eyongezelelweyo yomvuzo, ovelise imbuyekezo engaphezulu kunoko kuncitshisiwe. Nangona kunjalo, ulawulo lukaMariano Rajoy aluzange lunikeze nayiphi na imbuyekezo, nangona kuncitshiswe kakhulu kwimali enikezelweyo kutyalo-mali kwizinto ezihlaziyiweyo, ezithe zavelisa i-avalanche yezikhalazo ezivela kwaba batyali-mali.

Oku kungoneliseki kubonisa ingxaki enkulu: ISpain iye yaba lelinye lamazwe amathathu ehlabathi anezona mfuno ziphezulu kubatyali-mali bamazwe ngamazwe, ikakhulu ezinxulumene nokucuthwa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Ngokoqikelelo, ubunzima bezoqoqosho bala matyala bunokuba ngaphezulu kwe-7.000 yezigidi zee-euro ukuba abatyali-mali banyanisile ekugqibeleni kulamlo olusamisiweyo.

Rajoy utshintsho lwemozulu

Kwelakhe icala, u-Álvaro Nadal, owayesakuba nguMphathiswa wezaMandla, uKhenketho kunye ne-Digital Agenda, ukucuthile ukubaluleka kwezi mfuno, esithi imbuyekezo iya kuhlala iphantsi kunokonga olwenziwa luhlaziyo oluphikisanayo lwenkqubo yombane. umthombo wayo yonke le ngxabano.

Emva kokukhutshwa kwesigwebo se-ICSID esixhasa u-Eiser, uRhulumente uvume umthetho ovumela i-surplus yenkqubo yombane, eyayiqokelele i-1.130 yezigidi zee-euro ukususela ngo-2014, ukuba isetyenziswe ukuhlawula izohlwayo ezibangelwa yi-arbitrations, kuquka nezizayo. . Esi sigqibo sivelise ukungonwabi okutsha ngaphakathi kwicandelo elinokuhlaziywa, elibona ukuba le ntsalela, ebekufanele ukuba isetyenziswe ukuphucula uzinzo lwenkqubo, ngoku isetyenziselwa ukuhlawula imbuyekezo kubatyali-zimali bamazwe angaphandle.

Abatyali-zimali baseSpain abakhuselekanga

Enye yezona zinto ziphambanisayo kule meko kukunqongophala kokhuseleko apho abatyali-mali belizwe bazifumana bekuko. Ngelixa abatyali-zimali bamazwe ngamazwe bekwazile ukubhenela kwiinkundla zolamlo, abatyali-zimali baseSpain banqunyelwe ukubhenela kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko kunye neNkundla ePhakamileyo, zombini zivumelana noRhulumente xa kufikwa kunqunyulwa. Oku kuvelise imvakalelo yemigangatho ephindwe kabini, ekubeni abatyali-mali bamazwe angaphandle, ngokufikelela kwiinkundla ezifana ne-ICSID, bafumene imbuyekezo abantu baseSpain abangenako ukuyifumana.

Kulo mxholo, iqela labatyalo-mali baseSpain banikezela ityala labo ku-Ombudsman, owacebisa ukuba uRhulumente athathe amanyathelo okuqinisekisa ukuba abatyali-mali belizwe abazange baphathwe kakubi kunabo bangaphandle phantsi kweSivumelwano se-Energy Charter esiye saba yinkqubo yokulawula esetyenziswa ngamazwe ngamazwe abatyali-mali baveze amabango abo.

I-Ombudsman ayizange icele unyango olulinganayo kuphela, kodwa iphinde ikhuthaze uRhulumente ukuba aseke iindlela zokuhlawula idini "elikhethekileyo" eliye labangelwa utshintsho lwentlawulo kubatyalo-mali belizwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho manyathelo aphunyeziweyo okunciphisa le meko.

Ulamlo lwamazwe ngamazwe: iinkqubo ezinde nezixabisayo

Ulamlo lwamazwe ngamazwe olujikeleze ukusikwa okunokuhlaziywa ayizonkqubo ezintsonkothileyo kuphela, kodwa zikwacotha kakhulu. Kumatyala anxulumene neSpain, i-ICSID inike iinkundla zamatyala angama-27 kwezingama-28 zolamlo ezithiwe thaca, ngalinye liqulunqwe ngumongameli kunye nabalamli ababini abakhethwe ngamaqela omabini. Ezi nkqubo azizide nje kuphela ngexesha, kodwa zikwabiza neendleko zelizwe elimangalelwayo. Umzekelo, ulamlo olwagweba iSpain ngokuthanda u-Eiser lubandakanya iindleko ezisondele kwi-900.000 euros.

Ezi ndleko azikhawulelwanga kwimbuyekezo ekufuneka i-Spain ihlawule ukuba ilahlekelwa ngamatyala, kodwa ibandakanya iintlawulo zabalamli kunye nabasebenzi abanxulumeneyo, okwandisa iindleko ezipheleleyo zenkqubo yolamlo ngalunye. Njengoko kusafuneka kusonjululwe izilamlo ezingaphezu kwama-20, impembelelo yezemali yala matyala inokuba yingozi kakhulu ukuba uninzi alumthandi uRhulumente.

Isishwankathelo, iSpain ijongene nemeko enzima kwintsimi yolamlo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-7.000 ezisemngciphekweni kunye nemithetho emininzi nangakumbi echasene nayo, uRhulumente kuya kufuneka aphinde ayiqwalasele indlela yakhe yamandla avuselelekayo kunye nembuyekezo. Uxinzelelo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokungabikho kweendlela ezaneleyo zokukhusela abatyali-zimali besizwe kuvelisa isithintelo esinokuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwezoqoqosho kwixesha eliphakathi nelide.


Shiya uluvo lwakho

Idilesi yakho ye email aziyi kupapashwa. ezidingekayo ziphawulwe *

*

*

  1. Uxanduva lwedatha: UMiguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Injongo yedatha: Ulawulo lwe-SPAM, ulawulo lwezimvo.
  3. Umthetho: Imvume yakho
  4. Unxibelelwano lwedatha: Idatha ayizukuhanjiswa kubantu besithathu ngaphandle koxanduva lomthetho.
  5. Ukugcinwa kweenkcukacha
  6. Amalungelo: Ngalo naliphi na ixesha unganciphisa, uphinde uphinde ucime ulwazi lwakho.