Indlela ukufudumala kwe-thermal kuphucula ngayo induduzo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamakhaya

Ukufakwa kwe-thermal kungumqobo othintela ukuhamba komoya ongafunekiyo ukusuka ngaphandle ukuya ngaphakathi kwendlu, kunceda ukugcina ubushushu obukhululekile ngaphakathi kwindlu. Kwiindawo ezibandayo, ikhusela ubushushu bungaphumi, kwaye kwiindawo ezishushu, ithintela ubushushu ukuba bungene. Ndiyabulela kule nto, ukusetyenziswa kokufudumala okanye ukufudumala kwemoya kuyancitshiswa kwaye induduzo ye-thermal iphuculwe. Amakhaya afakwe kakuhle awasebenzi nje kuphela, kodwa afaka isandla ekuzinzeni ngokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Ukubaluleka kokugquma ukuze kusebenze amandla

Ukugquma kakuhle kwiindonga, iisilingi, imigangatho kunye neefestile kubalulekile ekuphuculeni amandla ombane aso nasiphi na isakhiwo, ngakumbi kwiimeko zemozulu ezimandundu. Ebusika, amakhaya anokulahlekelwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30-40% yamandla ngenxa yeendonga ezigqunywe kakubi kunye neesilingi. Ehlotyeni, i-insulation iphinda isebenze njengesithintelo esithintela ukushisa ekungeneni, ukugcina ingaphakathi lipholile ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuchitha amandla kwiinkqubo zokupholisa.

Oku kwenza ukuba utyalo-mali kwi-thermal insulation ibe sesona sigqibo silumkileyo xa usakha okanye ulungisa ikhaya. Enyanisweni, i-European Union, ngokusebenzisa ikhowudi yokwakha yobugcisa, ifuna amanqanaba aphezulu okugquma ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 kunye nokuphucula ukuzinza kwendalo.

Uninzi lwezinto eziqhelekileyo zokufakelwa kwe-thermal

Izinto zokufakelwa kwe-thermal ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwiimfuno ezithile zeprojekthi kunye nemozulu. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye zisebenzayo ziquka:

• Uboya beglasi: Ngenye yezona zinto zithandwa kakhulu kwi-insulation ngenxa yeendleko eziphantsi kunye nokulula kofakelo. Inomthamo obalaseleyo wokugquma kwaye iyamelana nomlilo.
• Uboya bamatye: Ngokufana noboya beglasi, kodwa ngokumelana nomlilo okukhulu kunye nokusebenza okungcono kwe-acoustic. Ukongeza, ihlala ihlala ixesha elide.
• I-polyurethane foam: Esi sixhobo siyanda, senza ukuba silungele ukuzalisa izikhewu okanye iindawo zokuvuza kobushushu. Ikwabonelela ngomqobo ogqwesileyo wokufuma.
• ISelulosi: Yenziwe ngezinto eziphinda zisetyenziswe, njengephepha, lukhetho lwe-eco-friendly olukwanalo nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal kunye ne-acoustic.

Kukho ezinye izinto ezizinzileyo ezinje nge-cork okanye uboya beegusha, nazo ezineempawu ezigqwesileyo zokugquma kwaye zicetyiswa iinketho ze-bioclimatic okanye amakhaya wokwakha azinzileyo.

I-Insulation kwizindlu ze-bioclimatic

Izindlu zeBioclimatic ngamakhaya ayilelwe ukuba athabathe ithuba lemeko yemozulu yendalo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokungenzi nto, ezifana nokugquma okusebenzayo kwe-thermal. I-insulation eyilwe kakuhle iyimfuneko kuyo nayiphi na indlu ye-bioclimatic, njengoko isebenza njengemvulophu elinganisa ukushisa kwangaphakathi kunye nokusingqongileyo kwangaphandle.

Ubukhulu be-insulation kwizindlu ze-bioclimatic kunokuba mkhulu kunekhaya eliqhelekileyo. Ngelixa amakhaya emveli anokuba phakathi kwe-8 ukuya kwi-10 cm yezinto zokukhusela, kwindlu ye-bioclimatic obu bunzima bunokunyusa ukuya kuma-20 cm kwezinye iingingqi, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu.

Ukongeza ekunciphiseni imfuno yeenkqubo zomoya, ukugquma kunceda ukuphucula umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi kunye nokubonelela ngenduduzo engcono ye-acoustic ngokuthintela ingxolo yangaphandle.

Iinzuzo zokugquma kwiindawo ezibandayo nezishushu

Ukufakwa kwe-thermal kuneengenelo ezininzi kwiindawo ezibandayo kunye nemozulu eshushu:

• Kwiimozulu ezibandayo: Ikhusela ubushushu obuveliswa kukufudumeza ukuba bungaphumi, inceda ukugcina ikhaya lakho lifudumele kwaye inciphisa imfuno yezixhobo zokufudumeza.
• Kwiimozulu ezishushu: Ukufakwa kwe-thermal kuthintela ubushushu obungaphandle ukuba bungene ngaphakathi kwekhaya, ukudala indawo epholileyo kunye nokunciphisa imfuno yokusebenzisa i-air conditioners okanye iifeni.

Kuzo zombini iimeko, ukugquma kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwaye kunciphisa iindleko zamandla.

Indlela yokwandisa ukufakwa kwe-insulation kumakhaya

Ukwandisa ukufakwa kwe-insulation ekhaya, kubalulekile ukuba ungakhethi nje izinto ezifanelekileyo, kodwa nokuba ubeke ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha zokwakha:

1. Amagquma kunye nophahla: Ziyimimandla ebalulekileyo apho ilahleko enkulu yobushushu inokuthi yenzeke. Ukufaka i-insulation efanelekileyo kuphahla okanye kwiisilingi kunokunciphisa kakhulu imfuno yamandla.
2. Iindonga zangaphandle: Iindonga ezingafakwanga kakuhle zezinye zezona zinto zibangela ukulahleka kwamandla, ngakumbi ebusika. Amagumbi omoya anezinto zokukhusela ziyisisombululo esisebenzayo.
3. Iifestile kunye neengcango: Iifestile eziphindwe kabini kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuchithwa kwemozulu kwiingcango kunye neefestile kunokuphelisa ukuvuza komoya kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal yekhaya.

Ukungenisa umoya kunye nokugquma: ibhalansi egqibeleleyo

Isixokelelwano esilungileyo sokugquma kufuneka sikhatshwe kukungena komoya okufanelekileyo. Kulula ukucinga ukuba indlu ene-insulated kakuhle yanele, kodwa ngaphandle kokungena komoya okwaneleyo, ukufuma kunye neengxaki zomoya zingavela. Amakhaya anamhlanje, ngakumbi i-bioclimatic, axhamla kwiinkqubo zokungena komoya kunye neenkqubo zendalo zokungenisa umoya.

Ukungena komoya okunqamlezayo kuvumela umoya ukuba ujikeleze ngokufanelekileyo kuyo yonke indlu, ususa umoya oshushu wangaphakathi kwaye ukhuthaze ukungena komoya opholileyo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwiindawo ezishushu, apho kubalulekile ukunqanda ukugcwala kobushushu ekhaya.

I-Insulation kunye nokuzinza

Ukongeza ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ezindlini, izinto ezisetyenziswa ekugqumeni zikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo kuzinzo. Izinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kunye nezinto eziphilayo ezifana ne-cork, i-wood fiber okanye i-cellulose zinika isisombululo esizinzileyo. Ezi zixhobo azigcini nje ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo ngexesha lemveliso yazo, kodwa ziyakwazi ukubola, zinegalelo kuqoqosho lwesetyhula.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezi zixhobo, kunye nezenzo ezifana nokuvunwa kwamanzi emvula kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, kwenza izindlu ze-bioclimatic zibe ngumzekelo ogqibeleleyo wokwakhiwa okuzinzileyo.

Ukugquma ikhaya akukuvumeli kuphela ukuba wonge kumatyala ombane kwaye ugcine izixhobo. Ikwayenye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokuphucula intuthuzelo yasekhaya, intlalo-ntle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, lonke eli xesha ukhathalela okusingqongileyo.