Izitena ezibamba i-CO2: isisombululo sokwakhiwa okuluhlaza

En EJapan Isitena esitsha senziwe ukuba singagqithisi kuphela ikhonkrithi ngamandla, kodwa sinegalelo ekulweni nokutshintsha kwemozulu ngokubamba i-carbon dioxide (CO2). Ezi zitena zibonakaliswe ukuba zine-traction enkulu kunekhonkrithi, ezenza zibe zilungele ukwakha ngokukhawuleza amakhaya kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo.

Ukwenziwa kwezitena ezibamba i-CO2

Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwezi zitena ilula kakhulu, eyenza ibe yinto ekhangayo kwi-ecological and economically. Icandelo eliphambili yintlabathi ephezulu ye-silicon, efakwe kwiimbumba ezingenamoya. Esi sixhobo siyatofwa CO2 usebenzisa iimpompo ezikhethekileyo. Kamva, iyongezwa epoxy, okuqinisekisa ukuba izitena zixutywe kakuhle kwaye ukuchasana kwazo kukhulu kakhulu kunokoqobo oluqhelekileyo.

Ezi zitena zisisombululo sokwakha esizinzileyo kwaye ziyilelwe ukuba zihlale malunga neminyaka engama-50, zizenza enye indlela enkulu kwikhonkrithi yendabuko. Ngombulelo kwinkqubo yabo yokuvelisa, ezi zitena zisebenza njenge-CO2 yokucwina, oku kuthetha ukuba, ngaphezu kokuchasana, kunceda ukunciphisa utshintsho lwemozulu.

Izinto eziluncedo ze-CO2 zokubamba izitena phezu kwekhonkrithi

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zezi zitena xa kuthelekiswa nekhonkrithi yemveli kukuba a I-250% ixhathisa ngakumbi. Oku kubenza babe ukhetho olusebenzayo kuzo zonke iintlobo zezakhiwo, ukusuka kumakhaya ukuya kwizakhiwo zorhwebo kunye nezoshishino. Ngaphaya koko, ngenxa yoyilo lwabo kunye nemathiriyeli, zinokuphunyezwa kwiiprojekthi zokwakha zendalo, ngokuhambelana nemigaqo ye uyilo oluzinzileyo.

Izitena ezithatha i-CO2 nazo zilula kakhulu kuneebhloko zekhonkrithi eziqhelekileyo, ezenza kube lula ukuthutha kunye nokudibanisa, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko ezinxulumene nokuthutha. Le yinzuzo ephambili kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, njengoko ivumela amakhaya okanye ezinye izakhiwo ukuba zakhiwe ngokukhawuleza kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.

Isixhobo esisebenza njenge-carbon sink

Enye yeenkalo eziphawulekayo kukuba, xa usebenzisa ikharbon diokside Njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokuvelisa, ezi zitena zinceda ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-CO2 emoyeni. I-CO2, enye yeegesi eziphambili ezinoxanduva kutshintsha kwe mozulu, ijojowe ngokuthe ngqo kwizitena, zizibambele kwisakhiwo sazo kulo lonke umjikelezo wobomi babo. Oku kuthetha ukuba, nangona emva kokusetyenziswa, izitena ziya kuqhubeka zisebenza njenge-carbon sinks, zinceda ukunciphisa imiphumo yokutshintsha kwemozulu.

Ngaphaya koko, ukuba nokwenzeka kokutshintsha ikhonkrithi yemveli ngezi zitena ekwakhiweni kunganciphisa kakhulu ukukhutshwa kweCO2 yehlabathi. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ishishini lokwakha linoxanduva malunga I-8% yezinto ezikhutshwayo zehlabathi yeegesi zegreenhouse, ikakhulu ngenxa yemveliso yesamente. Ngokubheja kwizinto ezifana nezitena zokubamba ze-CO2, ishishini linokuba negalelo elikhulu kwi decarbonization.

Izicelo kunye nokusetyenziswa ekwakhiweni

Izitena ezibamba i-CO2 zingasetyenziswa kuzo zonke iintlobo zezakhiwo. Banikezela ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ezibenza bagqibelele kuzo zombini ulwakhiwo lweendawo zokuhlala kunye nezakhiwo zorhwebo okanye zoshishino. Ngenxa yamandla abo aphezulu, ziluncedo ngokukhethekileyo kwimimandla ejongene neentlekele zemvelo okanye iimeko zongxamiseko, njengeenyikima okanye izikhukula, apho kufuneka izinto ezomeleleyo nezinganyangekiyo ezinokudityaniswa ngokukhawuleza.

EJapan, izifundo kunye neemvavanyo sele zenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina kwezi zitena kwizakhiwo zobomi obude. Nangona ubomi babo obuqhelekileyo buqikelelwa ukuba yiminyaka engama-50, ezinye izifundo zicebise ukuba amandla abo okwakhiwa anokuqinisekisa ukuba bahlala bekwimeko efanelekileyo iminyaka emininzi, ukuba nje bagcinwe kwimeko efanelekileyo.

Izinto ezintsha ezongezelelweyo kwizinto zokwakha

Ukusetyenziswa kwezitena zokubamba ze-CO2 yinxalenye yentshukumo ekhulayo yehlabathi ukuya i-ikholoji kunye noyilo oluzinzileyo. Iinkampani kwihlabathi jikelele ziphuhlisa iindlela ezintsha ezifana nezitena calcium carbonate okanye iibhloko ze Ingca, engagcini nje i-sequester CO2 ngexesha lokuvelisa, kodwa iphinde igcine ixesha elide, ubuchule obusele bubambe umdla wabatyalo-mali abakhulu njengoBill Gates.

Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo kwezo zitena kukukwazi ukubamba CO2 kwimiqulu emikhulu. Ezi zitena zenziwe kusetyenziswa izinto ezihlaziyiweyo kwaye zingena kwiinkqubo zokutofa kwe-CO2, okubangela ukuba kungekuphela nje isitena esihambelana nokusingqongileyo, kodwa sinamandla kunekhonkrithi yendabuko. Ukongezelela, ezi zitena azigcini nje ukubamba i-CO2 ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, kodwa ziqhubeke zenza njalo nangemva kokusetyenziswa ekwakhiweni.

Ngokomzekelo, eKhanada kwenziwa izitena ikhonkrithi engenasamente abasebenzisa i-byproducts kwishishini le-metallurgical kunye ne-CO2 ukwenza iibhloko ezixhathisayo kunezo zemveli. Ukuthandwa kwayo kuye kwanda kwimimandla apho uzinzo luba ngumba ophambili kwicandelo lokwakha. Oku kuhambela phambili kuyilo lomxube, kongezwe kubuchule obukhawulezayo bokusetyenzwa kwesamente, kunceda ukukhawulezisa inguqu eya kulwakhiwo oluluhlaza nolunoxanduva ngakumbi.

Impembelelo kumlo ochasene nokutshintsha kwemozulu

Njengoko ihlabathi lijongene nemiphumo emibi yokutshintsha kwemozulu, kuyabaluleka ukuphonononga izisombululo zokunciphisa i-carbon footprint yawona mashishini angcolisa kakhulu, njengokwakha. Izitena ezibamba i-CO2 ngumzekelo ocacileyo wendlela izinto zokwakha ezinokuthi zitshintshwe ukuze zinganciphisi nje umonakalo wokusingqongileyo, kodwa ziphinde ziguqule inxalenye yesiphumo esiyingozi esibangele emhlabeni.

Ukuphuhliswa kwezi zitena kunye nezinye izisombululo ezifanayo zomeleza isidingo sokwamkela imigaqo-nkqubo yehlabathi ekhuthaza ubugcisa obuzinzileyo. Ngenkxaso yoorhulumente kunye neenkampani zokwakha, ukuphunyezwa kwezi zixhobo kwiiprojekthi zangoku nakwixesha elizayo kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 yehlabathi. Sikwixesha eliphambili apho ukwamkelwa ngobuninzi kolu hlobo lwetekhnoloji kunokutshintsha indlela yobunzima bemozulu.

Ngoko ke, ukuzibophelela kwezi zitena ayisosisombululo nje kuphela ngokuzinza, kodwa kunokubonelela ngeenzuzo ezinkulu zoqoqosho ngokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwizinto ezibizayo nezilinganiselweyo ezifana nesamente.