
ISpain iyadodobala ekusebenziseni izinto ezihlaziyiweyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okugqibela kwi-2015 ukusuka kwimithombo ecocekileyo yayiphantse yafana nonyaka odlulileyo, ngokwedatha yokugqibela ekhutshwe ngoLwesibini yi-Eurostat ye-EU yonke. Ngo-2014, le pesenti yayiyi-16,14% yaza ngo-2015 yahlala kwi-16,15%. Koko kukuthi, ukukhula, nge-0,01%, bekungabalulekanga. Uyakwazi ukubona indlela esilibala ngayo ukulungiselela ikamva elihambelanayo lamandla avuselelekayo.
Imeko yezothutho kunye nendima ye-biofuels
Kwicandelo lesibini, ezothutho, ekuphela kwegalelo elitsha yayikukuba kweemoto zombane ezimbalwa ezijikeleza elizweni (zisabiza kakhulu). Nokuba ku ISpain lilizwe elinokusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwee-biofuels kwezothutho, igalelo layo kwimali eseleyo yokusebenzisa imithombo ecocekileyo ayikho. Ingxaki kukuba iSpain ukuza kuthi ga ngoku khange ikwazi ukungqina ukuzinza kwe-biogasolines kunye ne-biodiesel eyisebenzisayo.
Ngaphandle kweenzame zokunyusa umthamo we-biofuels kwezothutho, iSpain iyaqhubeka nokubuya emva xa kuthelekiswa namanye amazwe e-EU. Ityala le Alemania, inkokeli kwi-biofuels, ibonisa ukuba into ephambili kukuqinisekisa ngokuchanekileyo nokulawula ukuzinza kwabo. ESpeyin, ubunzima bokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kube ngumqobo oye wanciphisa ukukhula kwecandelo, okuchaphazela ukulinganisela ngokubanzi.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu
Idatha yehlabathi yaseSpain yahlala ifana neyango-2014 ngenxa ye Ukufudumeza nokupholisa, apho isabelo semithombo ecocekileyo sikhule ukusuka kwi-15,75% ukuya kwi-16,78%. Olu phuculo lwabalelwa ikakhulu kukwanda kosetyenziso olubhengeziweyo lwe-biofuels ehlaziyekayo kushishino, ngakumbi. Ingca.
Iinkqubo zokufudumeza ezixhomekeke kumandla avuselelekayo ziye zavumela eli candelo ukuba lingawohloki njengabanye. Nangona kunjalo, indlela eqhelekileyo ibonisa ukuba akwanelanga ukuhlangabezana ne iinjongo zeSicwangciso esiHlangeneyo seSizwe saMandla kunye neMozulu (PNIEC), ephakamisa isicwangciso esinqwenelekayo se-2030. Kule nto, amandla avuselelekayo kulindeleke ukuba anike i-74% yamandla kwindawo yombane kwaye ubuncinane i-42% yokusetyenziswa kokugqibela.
Ngezantsi ekujoliswe kuko: Indlela eya ku-2020
Ngaphandle kwenjongo ye-2020, isiCwangciso seSizwe sokuSebenza samandla ahlaziyekayo (PANER) kubandakanya ukuzibophelela okungaphezulu kancinci kwinjongo ye-20% ebekwe ngumyalelo waseYurophu: ijonge ukufikelela kwi-20,8% ukusuka kwimithombo ecocekileyo kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu. Ngaphezu koko, esi sicwangciso siseke ukuba ngo-2015 ipesenti yamandla acocekileyo kufuneka ibe yi-16,7%, oko kukuthi, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha senqaku ngaphezu kwento ebhalisiweyo.
Nangona kunjalo, i Umkomishinala waseYurophu wokuSebenza kweMozulu kunye namandla, elawulwa nguMiguel Arias Cañete, ucinga ukuba ISpain isendleleni yokufezekisa ukuzibophelela kweYurophu. Kodwa olu vavanyo luye lwabuzwa ngamacandelo alumkisa malunga nemingcipheko yokunganyusi ngokulinganayo imithombo evuselelekayo, ngakumbi kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukunyuka ukuchitheka okuluhlaza. Oku kwenzeka xa ukuveliswa kwezinto ezihlaziyiweyo kufuneka kumiswe ngenxa yokungabikho kwemfuno okanye ngenxa yeengxaki zobuchwepheshe kwigridi yombane, okulindeleke ukuba kwandiswe ukuba amanyathelo awathathwanga ukuphucula iziseko zombane kunye nokukhuthaza ukugcinwa.
Utyalomali lwehlabathi kwiRenewables
Utyalo-mali lwehlabathi kwi amandla ahlaziyekayo phakathi kwamazwe aphuhlileyo nasakhasayo phakathi kowama-2004 nowama-2014 afumene ukukhula okuphawulekayo. Ngo-2014, iSpain yabekwa phakathi kwamazwe asixhenxe ahamba phambili kumandla okuvelisa amandla acocekileyo. Elona candelo laligqame kakhulu amandla omoya, apho ilizwe lethu laliphambili kumazwe ngamazwe.
Oku kukhula kukhatshwa kuphuhliso lobuchwepheshe obutsha, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweeinjini zomoya kunye nokwandisa inani leeprojekthi. Nangona kunjalo, bekukho ukudodobala kotyalo-mali phakathi kuka-2012 no-2014, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ingxaki yezoqoqosho kunye nokungabikho kwemigaqo-nkqubo ecacileyo. Ngenxa yoko, i umthamo ofakiweyo yaseSpain iye yahlala izinzile ukususela ngoko.
Ukukhutshwa kweCO2 kunye nefuthe lokuhlaziywa
Ingxaki yokuma ekuphuhliseni amandla avuselelekayo eSpain ayikho nje imfuneko yokwandisa umthamo, kodwa nakwimpembelelo yokukhutshwa kwe-CO2. Ngo-2015, ngenxa yemozulu kunye nemveliso ephantsi yamandla avuselelekayo, ukusetyenziswa okuninzi kwenziwa. ifosili yeefuweli, eyandise ukukhutshwa kweCO2 ngama-22%.
Ukwanda kwemveliso nokusetyenziswa kwe amalahle y igesi yendalo Ayizange inyuse ukukhutshwa kwegesi eluhlaza, kodwa iphinde yakhokelela eSpain ukuba ihlawule amalungelo okukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. IGreenpeace ithe ngo-2015 ilizwe lahlawula ngaphezulu I-100 yezigidi zee-euro ezongezelelweyo ngokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamafutha efosili.
ISpain ijongene nomngeni wekamva lamandla
I-panorama yangoku yamandla avuselelekayo eSpain inzima. Nangona ihlala ingumvelisi ohamba phambili womoya kunye neminye imithombo ecocekileyo, ijongene nemingeni emikhulu. Ukungabikho kotyalo-mali oluzinzileyo kunye nesicwangciso esicacileyo kwiminyaka yamuva nje kubangele ukulibaziseka kunye nokuxhomekeka okuthile ifosili yeefuweli oko bekufanele ukuba kupheliswe. Ikamva liya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kutyalo-mali olutsha, ukunyusa imfuno yombane kunye nokusombulula iingxaki ezinxulumene no izinto ezikhutshwa ngokutsha, ekubeni unyaka ngamnye inxalenye ebalulekileyo yamandla ahlambulukileyo ilahlekile ngenxa yokungabikho kokugcinwa okwaneleyo kunye neendlela zokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuze kuphunyezwe iinjongo ze I-PNIEC, kuya kufuneka ukuba kuphindwe kabini amandla ombane ahlaziyiweyo afakiweyo ngo-2030, okuya kufuna umgudu odibeneyo ovela kumacandelo karhulumente kunye nabucala. Ngaphandle kolu tshintsho, iSpeyin ibeka umngcipheko wokunciphisa inkqubela phambili ekutshintsheni kwamandla okufunekayo ukuthobela izibophelelo zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokuphepha impembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu.