Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yecuba: indlela elichaphazela ngayo indawo esingqongileyo

El ukutshaya Ayichaphazeli kakubi impilo yabantu kuphela, kodwa inefuthe elibi kwi ngileyo. Nangona lo mba ungaziwa kangako, iziphumo zecuba kokusingqongileyo zininzi kwaye zisusela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi ukuya ekungcolisweni yinkunkuma eyityhefu, enegalelo kwiingxaki zehlabathi ezifana kutshintsha kwe mozulu kunye ungcoliseko lomoya namanzi.

Ungcoliseko lomoya kunye nokukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse

Icuba linegalelo elikhulu kungcoliseko lomoya. Ngokutsho kwe Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO), umsi wecuba unemichiza engaphezu kwama-7,000, kuquka ityhefu efana necarbon monoxide, initrogen oxides kunye nemethane, zonke iigesi eziyenza ibe mandundu ngakumbi le michiza. ifuthe lamaqondo obushushu abanjwe lungcoliseko. Ukongeza, icuba ngalinye livelisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-14 grams yeCO₂, elilingana nokukhutshwa kwezinto ezininzi ngexesha lemveliso kunye nesigaba sokusetyenziswa.

Umba oxoxwe kancinci kukuba ukuveliswa komdiza kuphuma ngeenxa zonke I-84 yezigidi zeetoni zeemetric ze-CO₂ ngonyaka, nto leyo ilingana nokukhutshwa kweerokhethi ezingama-280,000 eziqaliswe emajukujukwini. Oku kubeka ishishini lecuba phakathi kwabo banoxanduva ngokuyintloko ungcoliseko lomoya, inegalelo kwi ukufudumala kwehlabathi kunye nokwehliswa komgangatho womoya, ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nokulahleka kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo

Ukulinywa kwecuba kusisisongelo esikhulu kumahlathi ehlabathi. Nyaka ngamnye, malunga 200,000 yeehektare zomhlaba ukulima icuba, okubangela ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okukhulu. Oku kunempembelelo ngqo kwilahleko ye izinto ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi, njengoko inkqubo yendalo yamahlathi iphela okanye yonakala ngokupheleleyo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba umthi omnye kwimidiza engama-300 yenziwe.

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi kukwanento yokwenza nenkqubo yokunyanga icuba. Ukomisa amaqabunga, kuyimfuneko ukutshisa iinkuni ezininzi, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukunyamalala kwemithi. Rhoqo ngonyaka basebenzisa I-11,4 yezigidi zeetoni zokhuni kuphela ukunyanga amagqabi ecuba kwihlabathi jikelele. Oku kunegalelo kokubini ukukhukuliseka komhlaba kunye intlango kweminye imimandla yehlabathi, ingakumbi amazwe asaphuhlayo.

Ukongezelela, izityalo zecuba ziwenza abe hlwempu umhlaba, ekubeni zifuna isixa esikhulu sezichumisi nezibulali-zinambuzane. Le michiza, ukongezelela ekuthinteleni umhlaba ukuba ungachumi kwakhona ngenxa yezinye izityalo, ikwangcolisa imithombo yamanzi aphantsi komhlaba kunye nenkqubo yendalo yasemanzini ekufuphi.

Impembelelo yenkunkuma yecuba

Enye yeyona nkunkuma ixhaphakileyo neyingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo ziimpundu zecuba. Ehlabathini lonke, ngeenxa zonke 4,5 yeebhiliyoni zeetompi zecuba nyaka ngamnye, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yeyona nkunkuma iqokelelweyo kwimisebenzi yokucoca idolophu namanxweme. Ngenxa yokubunjwa kwayo, okubandakanya izihlungi i-cellulose acetate, ezi mpundu zinokuthatha ukuya kuthi ga I-10-25 iminyaka ukuthotywa ngokupheleleyo.

Ngaphaya koko, i-cigarette butt nganye inokungcolisa ukuya kuthi ga Iilitha ezi-50 zamanzi ngezinto eziyityhefu ezifana nenikotini kunye netela, ezichaphazela imizimba esemanzini kunye neelwandlekazi. Imiphumo yolu ngcoliseko iyingozi kwindalo yasemanzini, njengoko inokubangela ukufa kweentlanzi nezinye iintlobo zezinto eziphila elwandle.

Uninzi lwale nkunkuma iphelela elwandle nakwiilwandle, nto leyo engonakalisi nje okusingqongileyo, kodwa ineendleko ezimanyumnyezi zezoqoqosho. Ngokutsho kwe-WHO, i-China ichitha ngeenxa zonke 2,600 iidola ezigidi ngonyaka ukucoca inkunkuma imveliso yecuba, ngelixa India uchitha malunga 766 yezigidi ngonyaka.

Imililo yasehlathini ebangelwa zizitondu zecuba

Omnye owona mphumo woyikekayo wokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zecuba yindima yazo ekutshisweni kwamahlathi. Iimpundu zecuba ezingacinywanga kakuhle zibangela inani elikhulu lemililo etshabalalisa imimandla emikhulu yamahlathi. Kuqikelelwa ukuba i I-3,25% yemililo yamahlathi Zibangelwa yicuba elahlwa ngokungakhathali.

Kwiminyaka engama-20 edluleyo, kuqikelelwa ukuba ngaphezulu Iihektare ezingama-40,000 zamahlathi ngenxa yemililo ebangelwa yimidiza, echaphazela kakhulu izityalo nezilwanyana zalapha. Ukutshatyalaliswa okubangelwa yile mililo akuchaphazeli nje kuphela i-biodiversity, kodwa kukhupha izixa ezikhulu CO₂ kwiatmosfera, inegalelo elingaphaya kutshintsho lwemozulu.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngokugqithisileyo

Ukulinywa kwecuba kukwangumsebenzisi omkhulu wamanzi. Kuqikelelwa ukuba, kwicuba ngalinye, umyinge we Iilitha ezi-3,7 zamanzi. Oku kuguqulela kwi 263,813 yezigidi zeelitha zamanzi isetyenziswa kuphela eBrazil kwimveliso yecuba yonyaka. Kumazwe asakhasayo, apho amanzi sele enqongophele, le mfuno yobutyebi ayinakugcinwa ngokugqithisileyo, nto leyo echaphazela amandla ale mimandla okuvelisa ukutya nokuvelisa amanzi okusela.

Impembelelo yecuba kwimithombo yamanzi nayo ingqalileyo, ekubeni xa isetyenziswa kwimimandla yezolimo kufuphi nemilambo namachibi, izibulali-zinambuzane nezichumisi ezisetyenziselwa ukulinywa kwayo zingcolisa imithombo yasemanzini, echaphazela izilwanyana zasendle nezilwanyana ubomi babo.

Icuba ayisosisongelo kuphela kwimpilo yabantu, kodwa nakwimpilo yesijikelezi-langa sethu. Ukusuka kungcoliseko lomoya ukusuka kumsi wecuba ukuya kungcoliseko lolwandle kunye nomhlaba ophuma kwiimpundu zecuba elahliweyo ngokungafanelekanga. Ukuba sifuna ukufak’ isandla ekuphuculeni imekobume size sithintele imiphumo yokutshintsha kwemozulu, esinye sezona zigqibo zilungileyo esinokuzenza kukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa ukusetyenziswa kwecuba, ngenxa yempilo yethu neyendalo yehlabathi.